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Theo Midterm
12-11-07
136
Religious Studies
11th Grade
12/11/2007

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Cards

Term
The followers of Jesus gathred at Pentecost before the coming of the Holy Spirit.
Definition
Confused and uncertain about what to do.
Term
Jesus explained his mission by quoting from the
Definition
Hebrew prophet Isaiah
Term
Three monotheistic religions are
Definition
Judaism, Christianity, Islam
Term
A key theme of the Exodus is
Definition
Liberation
Term
Jews who did not live in Israel were known as Jews of the
Definition
diaspora
Term
Hellenization refers to
Definition
spread of Greek culture
Term
The Septuagint is a
Definition
Greek translation of the Old Testament
Term
Which early Christian used the analogy of teh Church as the Body of Christ?
Definition
Paul
Term
Which book of the New Testament recounts the earliest events of Church history?
Definition
Acts of the Apostles
Term
Paul died by being
Definition
beheaded
Term
The Coucnil of Jerusalem decided that
Definition
Non-Jewish Christians did not have to follow Jewish laws
Term
What are three characteristics of the lifestyle of the early Christian community?
Definition
prayed, shared all things in common, had a weekly meal together
Term
Make a case that Paul was the most influential person in the early development of Christianity.
Definition
Paul 1st persecuted Christians, and later converted and spread the Word of God. He was beheaded by Nero in 64 A.D. He was arrested and wrote letters to Christian communities while in ail. Paul was the most influential person in the early development of Christianity because he turned his life completely around.
Term
Deacon
Definition
office in the Church intended to serve those who are poor
Term
Martyr
Definition
means "witness"
Term
Stephen
Definition
1st Christian martyr
Term
Constantine
Definition
1st Christian Roman emperor
Term
heretic
Definition
someone espousing a position contrary to officially define teachings
Term
apologist
Definition
someone who defents and explains the faith
Term
bishop
Definition
means "overseer"
Term
presbyter
Definition
early name for priest or elder
Term
Edict of Milan
Definition
proclaimed religious freedom in the Roman Empire
Term
catechumens
Definition
unbaptized preparing for Church membership
Term
Name 2 criticism of Christianity that apologists addressed.
Definition
Apologists addressed the Incarantion and how Christians referred to each other as brother and sister.
Term
Name the three stages of Gospel development.
Definition
1-Jesus' teachings
2-years of oral traditio
3-written Gospels
Term
Arius taught that
Definition
Jesus is not truly God
Term
Attila the Hun is famous for
Definition
sparing rome from destruction
Term
Manicheans believed in
Definition
struggled between matter and spirit
Term
Confessions was written by
Definition
Augustine
Term
Anthony of Egypt
Definition
1st known Christian monk
Term
Benedict
Definition
with his sister, began monasteries in the West
Term
Leo the Great
Definition
prevented the sacking of Rome
Term
Jerome
Definition
translated the Bible into Latin
Term
Monica
Definition
Augustine's mother
Term
Augustine
Definition
translated the Bible into Latin
Term
Ambrose
Definition
politician induced to become bishop of Milan
Term
Emperor Constantine became Christian when he signed the Edict of Milan.
Definition
False, not until his death bed
Term
Arianism died out when its founder was exiled.
Definition
False, continued for 60 years afterwards
Term
The Nicene Creed was written by the apostles in teh first century.
Definition
False, at the Council of Nicaea by bishops
Term
Saint Augustine was a Christian during his entire life.
Definition
False
Term
Pontifex Maximus
Definition
"greatest bridge builder," demonstrating that Constantine retained non-Christian ways, Constantine kept this title
Term
Fathers of the Church
Definition
name designated to the authorities who helped form Church doctrine
Term
Desert Fathers
Definition
early hermits and monks
Term
vulgate
Definition
Latin translation of Bible
Term
Describe three differences that occurred after Christianity became the religion of the Roman Empire.
Definition
Church leaders became secular leaders, public worship was welcomed, and the monastic movement occurred after Christianity became the religion of the Roman Empire.
Term
The text lists four lessons to be laerned from teh Arian controversey and the Council of Nicaea. Name three of these lessons.
Definition
a.Controversy over teachings is a part of our history
b. Councils of the Pope and bishops have settled the conflicts
c. Wise leaders have surfaced who clarify and enliven the faith.
d. Christian message is about eternal life and earthly life
Term
What messages from Scripture led Anthony of Egypt to become a hermit in the desert?
Definition
"Don't worry about tomorrow" and "give all that you have to the poor"
Term
Donation of Pepin
Definition
Made the pope a secular ruler
Term
Koran
Definition
Islamic holy book
Term
Patrick
Definition
returnedto the land where he was enslaved
Term
Gregory the Great
Definition
sent missionaries to England
Term
Boniface
Definition
led conversion of Germans
Term
Charlemagne
Definition
1st Holy Roman Emperor
Term
Augustine of Hippo
Definition
taught that Jews should be left alone
Term
Venerable Bede
Definition
wrote the History of the English Church and people
Term
The language used in the Eastern Church was Latin.
Definition
False, Greek
Term
Boniface convinced the Germans to convert when he chopped down the sacred tree of Thor.
Definition
true
Term
In the early church, baptisms were celebrated by full immersion in a pool of water.
Definition
True
Term
Penance was initially only offered publicly, once in a lifetime.
Definition
True
Term
Celibacy has always been the standard practice of the Church in the WEst.
Definition
False
Term
Pope Gregory was the first to use the title Pontifex Maximus.
Definition
False
Term
Explain and critique the creation fo the Papal States.
Definition
Pepin the Short gave the Pope a strip of land in Italy in return for making him King of the Franks. This was a good creation because it gave the Pope more power, by making him a secular ruler.
Term
How did the position of women differ in Celtic society comapred to Roman society?
Definition
The position of women differed in Celtic society comapred to Roman society because Celtic women could own land, be educated, were equal to men in legal status, and were even allowed to be warriors.
Term
Charlemagne is called the "second Constantine" because he
Definition
formed all of Western Europe into one family of faith
Term
Charlemagne believed that he
Definition
had authority over Church matters
Term
After Charlemagne's reign
Definition
the empire fell into chaos
Term
Lay investiture refers to lay people
Definition
appointing church leaders
Term
Simony refers to
Definition
paying mmoney for a Church office
Term
Cluny is known for
Definition
the reform of monasticism
Term
According to the Truce of God,
Definition
the warfare was forbidden on certain days
Term
The Concordat of worms detrmined that
Definition
popes wold invest bishops with spiritual power; the emperor would invest them with their temporal power
Term
Besides bringing about the conversion of teh Slavic people, Saints Cyril, and Methodius
Definition
created a Slavic alphabet
Term
Schlasticim refers to
Definition
using reason to explain Christian teachings
Term
Mendicants are known for
Definition
relying on charity from others
Term
Albigensians believed that
Definition
the physical world is evil
Term
Francis of Assisi
Definition
began the Fraiars Minor
Term
Thomas Aquinas
Definition
medieval philosopher and theologian
Term
Pope Leo III
Definition
crowned Charlemagne Holy Roman Emperor
Term
Hildebrand
Definition
started papal reforms
Term
Dominic
Definition
began the Order of Preachers
Term
Cyril and Methodius
Definition
responsible for conversion of Slavs
Term
Vladimir
Definition
responsible for conversion of Ukraine
Term
Summa Theologica
Definition
book written by Thomas Aquinas; used reason to explain Christian teachings
Term
Gregorian Reforms
Definition
to limit power of state over Church; enforced by Pope Gregory
Term
excommunication
Definition
cannot receive sacraments due to sin; being cut off from the Church
Term
How did Charlemagne view his roles as Holy Roman Emperor?
Definition
Charlemagne viewed his role as Holy Roman Emperor to protect the Church and direct it; forced conversions, and adopted Roman liturgy
Term
Chart the differences between the Eastern and Western Christian Churches that led up to the Schism of 1054.
Definition
Eastern-patriarch as head leader, Greek

Western-pope as head leader, Latin

Dates for Easter were different
Term
What contribution did scholasticim make to the Church?
Definition
Scholasticim spread the beleif to use reason to explain Christian teachings, and not just philosophy
Term
Someone who helped bring about the return of the pope to Rome was
Definition
Catherine of Sienna
Term
Immediately befoer resolution of the Great Western Schism, _________ men claimed to be pope.
Definition
three
Term
The Great Western Schism was resolved by
Definition
a Church council
Term
The bubonic plague began by way of
Definition
rats aboard ships
Term
One group blamed for the Black Death were
Definition
Jews
Term
Mysticism refers to knowing God through
Definition
direct experience
Term
John Wyclif anticipated Protestantism by proposing that
Definition
Scripture is more important than Tradition
Term
Julian of Norwich
Definition
wrote "showings" describing mystical experiences
Term
Joan of Arc
Definition
teenager who led troops
Term
Savonarola
Definition
Dominican who called for Church reform in Florence
Term
Union of Florence
Definition
temporary resolution to East-West Schism
Term
interdict
Definition
refusal to administer sacraments in an area
Term
Humanism
Definition
classical Greek and Roman influence
Term
Avignon Papacy
Definition
when the pope resided in Avignon, France instad of Rome
Term
Anti-popes
Definition
people who falsely claimed to be pope
Term
Spanish Inquisition
Definition
attempt to expel heretics and non-Catholics out of Spain
Term
Name the factors that led up the Great Western Schism. Explain how the schism was resolved.
Definition
Cardinals elected Urban as pope, but due to his decisions, they elected a new pope. ACoucnil of Constances deposed the Avignon Pope. Martin V was elected as the new sole pope.
Term
Describe two ways that the Balck Death affected the church and two responses tha tpeople had to the Black Death.
Definition
A lot of priests died, so there wasn;t anyone to teach others to become priests and as a results there weree a lot of inadequate priests. Monasteries were left in disrepair due to all the deaths of the monks. There was a decline in monasticim. Blamed Jews and sought miracles
Term
A factor leading to the Reformation that is NOT listed in the tec is
Definition
increased involvement of women in the Church
Term
Luther originally believed that, if the pope knew how the selling of indulgences was being carried out, the pope would
Definition
condemn the practice
Term
The resolution reached at teh Peace of AUgsburf stated that
Definition
the prince of each state would select its religion
Term
Huguenots were
Definition
French Protestants
Term
In Spain, Queen Isabella
Definition
instigate Church reforms
Term
Henry VIII petitiones the pope to
Definition
annul his first amrriage so that he might marry someone else
Term
Presbyterian forms of Christianity believed in
Definition
leadership by elders
Term
Saint Ignatius Loyola spent his early life as a
Definition
soldier
Term
A group that played a major role in the Catholic Reformation was the
Definition
Jesuits
Term
The reform group founded by SAint Teresa of Ávila was the
Definition
discalced Carmelites
Term
95 Theses
Definition
Luther's list of complaints
Term
Diet of Worms
Definition
meeting condemning Luther
Term
sola scriptura
Definition
the Bible is the only guide to truth
Term
Council of Trent
Definition
Catholic Reformation
Term
Thomas More
Definition
refused to acknowledge Henry VIII as head of the Church of England
Term
Ignatius of Loyola
Definition
foudner of the Jesuits
Term
Predestination
Definition
the belief that the fact if one is going to heaven or hell is predetermined
Term
justification by faith
Definition
God has endowed sinful humans with grace
Term
Explain three major differences between Catholic and Protestant theology
Definition
Catholics believe in Scripture and Tradition. While Protestants beelive in Scripture alone. Catholics believe in a ministerial position for priesthoof, while Protestants believe in a universal priesthood. Protestants believe faith alone can save you, while Catholics belive in faith and good works.
Term
Describe two ways that the Council of Trent attempted to reform the Church.
Definition
The COuncil of Trent attempted to reform the Church by calrifying Church teaching and correcting abuses.
Term
To arrive at truth, Galileo used
Definition
direct observation
Term
A geocentric view of the universe proposed that
Definition
the sun and stars revovle around the earth
Term
Scholasticim used deductive reasoning, meaning that
Definition
general principles and logical deducion from those principles
Term
Deists believe that
Definition
God is not actively involved in the world
Term
One reaction within the Catholic Church to rationalism was
Definition
an emphasis on scholasticism
Term
A principal teaching of Vatican Council 1 was
Definition
the infallibility of the pope
Term
used telescope for astronomical studies
Definition
Galileo
Term
used inductive reasoning; based nothing on auhtority
Definition
Francis Bacon
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