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Who said this?
"The great scientific contribution in theoretical physics that has come from Japan since the last war may be an indication of a certain relationship between philosophical ideas in the tradition of the far East and the philosophical sustance of quantum theory." |
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What ancient Greek philosopher believed in a world of perpetual change? |
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Heraclitus described a continuous flow of change of all things. This was called? |
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The Universal Principle of Fire |
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The Universal Principle of Fire is much like what Taoist concept? |
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What is Logos and how is this achieved, according to Heraclitus? |
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Unity, achieved by a pair of opposites in their dynamic&cyclical interplay |
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"Eternal Becoming" describes the philosophy of who? |
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This philosopher, associated with Unchangable Being, was the opposite of Heraclitus. |
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The Being, in Paramenides philosophy, is what two characteristics? |
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What is change, according to Paramenides? |
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Impossible, nothing but an illusion of the senses. |
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This concept of substance, created by Paramenides, is fundemantal to the development of Western science and philosophy. |
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The combination of Heraclitus and Paramenides resulted in what scientific concept? |
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Atoms, the smalled indivisible unit of matter |
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Accompanying the birth of modern science in the 17th century, what philosophy is the extreme of spirit/matter dichotomy? |
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Who is the father of modern philosophy? |
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Used by Rene Descartes, what does "res cogitans" mean? |
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Used by Rene Descartes, what does "res extensa" mean? |
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Who is the father of modern philosophy? |
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As a result of Cartesian Dualism, matter became undersood as what? |
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The idea that matter is dead and seperate from us was the result of what view? |
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This classical physicist understood mechanics as the basis of physics |
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Subatomic particles demonstrate what kind of view? |
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"Cogito Ergo Sum" means what and was said by whom? |
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I think therefore I am
-Rene Descartes |
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As a result of "cogito ergo sum" we equate ego with ___, not ___. |
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The subject understanding itself as seperate from the object is a result of what? |
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The individual being aware of self as an isolated ego existing inside of a body, leading to an endless conflict between will and instinct, can be attributed to what idea? |
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Fragmentation of ourselves and society is the result of what view? |
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What are the two modes of consciousness? |
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"I know that I know nothing" was said by whom and represents which mode of consciousness? |
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Socrated, representing Rational consciousness |
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"It is not knowing that one knows best" was said by whom and represents which mode of consciousness? |
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Lao Tzu, respresenting Intuition |
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This type of knowledge creates a mentality where you discriminate, divide, compare, measure, and categorize. |
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Buddhist refer to this type of knowledge as "relative" because opposites exist in relation to one another. |
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These two traits of Rational knowledge force one to ignore some traits while emphasizing others. |
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This knowledge is a system of abstract concepts and symbols |
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This knowledge is characterized by linear, sequential structure. |
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Linear thinking is a characteristic of this type of knowledge |
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This type of knowledge is necessarily limited. |
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Who said this?
"Every word or concept, clear as it may seem to be, has only a limited range of applicability." |
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What does this phrase mean?
"A finger is needed to point to the moon, but we must see the moon, not the finger. |
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Language points to reality, it is not reality. |
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Who said this?
"The map is not the territory" |
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In the quote "the map is not the territory" what is meant by "the map"? |
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Fill in the blank:
The ____ structured the language, the ____ ability to define reality. |
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The more structured the language, the less ability to define reality. |
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Where is this quote from, and who said it?
"The Tao that can be expressed is not the eternal Tao." |
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Opening line from the Tao te Ching, by Lao Tzu |
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Describe the first step of the Hypothetical Deductive Method. |
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Definition
1) Gather experimental evidence of a phenomena. |
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Describe the second step of the Hypothetical Deductive Method. |
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Definition
Turn experimental facts into mathematical symbols, creating a mathematical model or theory. |
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In the third step of the Hypothetical Deductive Method, you use a mathematical model or theory to do what? |
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Definition
Predict future experiments |
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What is the "Third stage of research" (the 4th step) of the Hypothetical Deductive Method? |
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Translate mathematical knowledge to secular language |
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An inductive method, used in science |
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Deductive method, used in math |
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The Greeks used what kind of reasoning from fundamental axioms? |
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When forming new insights and utilizing creativity in science, what type of knowledge is being used? |
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This is an extremely abstracted and condensed language |
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Who said "All things are numbers" ? |
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What ancient philosopher first introduced logical reasoning and religion? |
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The idea that everything is connected is representitive of which view? |
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The idea that our world is but different aspects of the same ultimate reality is reprsentitive of which view? |
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Definition
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Fill in the blank:
Avidya (ignorance) results in a ____ mentality which created an isolated ego. |
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This view understand all as fluid and everchanging. |
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This view doesn't divide nature into seperate objects |
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This view believe the cosomos are in one inseperable reality, ever in motion, alive, spiritual, and material. |
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Eastern thought provides a consistent and relevant philosophical background to conemporary science. What are the two basic themes of this conception? |
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"Unity and Change"
1) unity and interrelation of all.
2) intrinsically dynamic nature of the universe. |
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Fill in the blank:
The modern physicist has come to see the world as a system of inseperable interacting and evermoving components with the ____ being a(n) _____ part of this system. |
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The modern physicist has come to see the world as a system of inseperable interacting and evermoving components with the observer being a(n) integral part of this system. |
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There is no seperation between the observer and what? |
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Definition
What the observer is looking at. |
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Can there be an objective observer? |
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Fill in the blank:
This book aims at showing there is a(n) _______ ______ between Easten wisdom and Western science. |
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Definition
This book aims at showing there is a(n) essential harmony between Easten wisdom and Western science. |
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Fill in the blank of this Zen saying:
"The instant you _____ about a thing you miss the mark." |
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"The instant you speak about a thing you miss the mark." |
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Definition
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Who said this?
"The seeing plays the most important role in Buddhist epistemology, for seeing is at the basis of knowing. Knowing is impossible without seeing. Seeing is experience enlightenment." |
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Definition
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Term
Who said this?
"My prediliction is to see because only by seeing can a man of knowledge know." |
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Definition
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Fill in the blank:
Eastern "____" is akin to western "____" |
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Definition
Eastern "seeing" is akin to western "experimenting" |
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What is the goal of meditation? |
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Definition
An immediate, nonconceptual awareness of reality. |
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Silencing the thinking mind is a goal of what? |
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Definition
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In meditation one shift from a _____ mode of consciousness to a _____ mode of consciousness. |
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Definition
In meditation one shift from a rational mode of consciousness to a intuitive mode of consciousness.
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All eastern art forms are what? |
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An extraordinary awareness can only be achieved by silencing what? |
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Who said this? "As far as the laws of mathematics refer to reality, they are not certain; and as far as they are certain, they do not refer to reality." |
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Newton's classical mechanics ignored what two forces? |
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Definition
Friction and air resistence. |
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What was the name of the paradoxical riddles used by masters in Zen Buddhism? |
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Fill in the blank:
Theories, myths, etc. are all models to describe the authors' _____ of reality. |
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Definition
Theories, myths, etc. are all models to describe the authors' intuition of reality. |
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Term
Who said this?
"The problems of language here are really serious. We wish to speak in some way about the atoms, but we cannot speak about atoms in ordinary language." |
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Definition
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Term
Who said this?
"The most difficult problem concerning the use of the language arises in quantum theory. Here we have at first no simple guide for correlating the mathematical symbols with concepts of ordinary language, and the only thing we know from the start is the fact that our common concepts cannot be applied to the structure of the atoms." |
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This teaching method makes the student realize the limitations of logic and reasoning |
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This riddle is impossible to solve by thinking |
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This riddle can only be understood in terms of a new awareness. |
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Definition
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Term
Who said this?
"I remember discussions with Bohr which went through many hours 'til very late at night and ended almost in despair. When at the end of the discussion I went alone for a walk in the park and I repeated to myself again and again the question: can nature possible be as absurd as it seems in these atomic experiments?" |
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Subatomic particles are like what Eastern concept? |
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Definition
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Term
Fill in the blanks:
Chi flows through the body in a system of _____, flowing between _____ and _____. |
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Definition
Chi flows through the body in a system of meridians, flowing between yin and yang. |
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Term
Who said this?
"Absolute space, in its own nature, without regard to anything external, remains always similar and immovable." |
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Definition
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Term
Who said this?
"Absolute, true, and mathematical time of itself and by its own nature flows uniformly without regard to anything external" |
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Definition
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Term
What moves in the view of Classical Physics? |
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Definition
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What two concepts of Modern Physics shattered Classical Physics? |
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Definition
Relativity theory and Atomic Physics |
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The theory of relativity was created by who? |
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Definition
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In this Modern Physics theory electrodynamics meets mechanics. |
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This theory understand time as not universal, but instead subject to the observer. |
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The theory of relativity redefines the classical understanding of a 3 dimensional space and a seperate entity of time. What new understanding does relativity construct? |
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Definition
4 dimensional space/time continuum. |
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"Solid bodies moving in an empty space" describes what view? |
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Definition
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Term
This physical element has no meaning as isolated entities. |
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When studying this aspect of physics it is discoved that the observer is essential to the experiment. The properties can only be understood in terms of an objects interraction with the observer. |
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Definition
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Term
Fill in the blank:
As a result of Modern Physics a(n) _____ description of nature is invalid. |
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Definition
As a result of Modern Physics a(n) objective description of nature is invalid. |
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Term
As a result of modern physics it is understood that we cannot speak of nature without speaking of ourselves. This directly contradicts which earlier philosophy? |
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This is a Hindu collection of ancient scriptures written by sages. |
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Term
A part of the Vedas, this literally means "to sit by the theatre" |
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The Hindu monistic essence of reality. This is the ultimate reality and soul of all things, unable to be grasped by intellect. |
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This is the Brahman in the human soul. |
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Definition
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Term
Fill in the blanks:
"That which is the finest essence - this whole world has that as its soul. That is reality. That is Atman. ____ ____ ____." -Upanishads |
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Definition
"That which is the finest essence - this whole world has that as its soul. That is reality. That is Atman. That art thou." -Upanishads |
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When under the spell of this magic creative power one is confusing the forms with reality. |
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This means "action", "the force of creation." |
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When under the spell of maya, one is bound by this force. |
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This term means "liberation", acheived when one experiences everything as Brahman |
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This is the most intellectual school of Hinduism. It reject mythology. |
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The 6th century B.C. man became the first "Buddha" |
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Definition
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Term
This man woke up from the illusion of ideas and became a realist. |
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Definition
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This first noble truth is the result of facing the basic fact that everything is impermanent and transitory, leading the suffering and frustration. |
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"All things arise and pass away" describes which Noble Truth? |
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Definition
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This means suffering and frustation. |
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Definition
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This means clinging and grasping. |
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Definition
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This second Noble Truth explains the cause of all suffering, resulting from avidya (ignorance), clinging and grasping. |
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Definition
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This third Noble Truth says suffering and frustration can be ended through the elimination of the ego. Achieving this is total liberation. |
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Definition
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When achieving this awakening, "Buddhahood", the oneness of life becomes a constant sensation. |
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Definition
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This buddhist concept is the equivilant to the Hindu "moksha" |
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Definition
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What is the 4th Noble Truth? |
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Definition
Eightfold Path, the prescription to end all suffering |
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This man was the most intellectual Mahayan philosopher |
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Definition
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This philosopher showed the limitations of all concepts of reality. |
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Definition
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This means "the void", "emptiness" |
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Definition
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Term
Fill in the blank:
"Reality is _____"
-Nagarjuna |
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This means "inuitive intelligence" and "transcendental wisdom" |
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Definition
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This means "conventional knowledge" |
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Definition
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Term
This philosophy focuses on common sense, practical knowledge, and social organization. |
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Definition
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Term
This man taught the Six Classics, and later his disciples compiled his aphorisms into a book called Lun Yu |
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Definition
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Term
What idea is described by this quote?
"The sage avoids excess, extravagance, and indulgence"
-Lao Tzu |
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Definition
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Term
What concept is described by this quote?
"Those who flow the natural order flow in the current of the Tao" |
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Definition
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This means "non-action", "refraining from activity contrary to nature" |
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Term
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Definition
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This means "the attainment of enlightenment" |
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Definition
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The three methods of achieving this aim of Zen are koan, sanzen, and sazen. |
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Definition
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Term
Who said this?
"Zen is the discipline of enlightenment." |
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Definition
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Term
This is "understanding reality through language"
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Definition
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Term
Finish this quote:
"Before you study Zen, mountains are mountains and rivers are rivers; while you are studying Zen mountains are no longer mountains and rivers are no longer rivers..." |
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Definition
"Before you study Zen, mountains are mountains and rivers are rivers; while you are studying Zen mountains are no longer mountains and rivers are no longer rivers
But once you have enlightenment, mountains are once again mountains and rivers again rivers." |
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In the Zen proveb about mountains and rivers, "mountains are not mountains" describes what concept? |
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Definition
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This Zen school is known as the "sudden" school, utilizing the koan method. |
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Definition
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This is a dialogue between the master and the student. In these periodic formal interviews the student present their understanding of the koan. |
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Definition
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This is a sudden insight into a koan |
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Definition
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This Zen school emphasizes gradual maturing |
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Definition
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Quiet sitting and ordinary work are both used for meditation in this Zen school. |
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Definition
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This means "sitting meditation" |
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Definition
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Term
Who said this?
"What we observe is not nature itself, but nature exposed to our questioning." |
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Definition
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Term
This idea that position and momentum can never be measured simeltaniously with percision describes what theory? |
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Definition
Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle |
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Term
This theory expresses the limitation of our classical concepts in precise mathematical form. |
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Definition
Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle |
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Term
If the premises are true, the conclusion may be true. |
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Definition
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Term
If the premises are true, the conclusion must be true. |
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Definition
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Term
In hinduism, this is the wheel of life/reincarnation. |
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Definition
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This is known as the moral law of cause and effect |
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Definition
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