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The Struggle for Democracy
Chapter 1
26
Political Studies
Undergraduate 1
01/29/2011

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Term
Fifteenth Amendment
Definition
Adobted in 1870 the Fiftenth Amendment states " The vote cannot be denied to American citizens on the basis of race, color, or previous condition or servitude."
Term
Fannie Lou Hamer
Definition
Civil Rights activist who was forced out of the home she rented in Ruleville Mississippi, fired from her job, beaten by police, and jailed when she tried to register to vote.
Term
SNCC
Definition
The Student Non-Violent Coordination Committee, Launched its voter education project in 1965 which became the key building block of the civil rights movement, with the aim of ending political isolation, and powerlessness in the deep south. It was composed primarily of African American college students. SNCC worked to increase black voter registration.
Term
Robert Parris Moses
Definition
Started the first Freedom school in McComb Mississippi, quit his job in New York City to join the SNCC. Gathered groups of black farmers and taught them how pass literacy test so they could register to vote. Moses was beaten and discriminated against for his actions.
Term
Democracy
Definition
A system of Self Government by the people, rule by the Many.
Term
Oligarchy
Definition
Rule by the few, where a minority group holds power over a majority, as in an aistocracy clerical establishment.
Term
Monarchy
Definition
Rule by the one, where power rests in an individual leader, such as a dictator or heredity monarch.
Term
Direct Democracy
Definition
Groups meeting in a small area discussing public business and comming to a conclusion together. The first form of democracy, practical in small groups.
Term
Represenative Democracy
Definition
Indirect democracy where the people rule through elected officials, like the U.S. and most modern Democracy's.
Term
Popular Sovereignty
Definition
This means that people are the ultimate source of government authority and that what the government does is determined by what the people want.
Term
Cartogram
Definition
A visual representation of a geographical area in units such as, states, regions counties, and districts, where each unit is proportioned to data such as, votes, money alocated, or ethnicity.
Term
Majority Rule and Minority Rule
Definition
The government adopts the policy that most people want. The many over the few, as opposed to Minorty rule where the few are over the many.
Term
Political Equality
Definition
No one vote is worth more than another, all votes are equal.
Term
1965 Voting Rights Act
Definition
States are not allowed to put any prerequisites or qualifications on voting to deny a group, such as African Americans.
Term
Equal Protection
Definition
The government/law enforment/courts must treat all citizen the same no matter race religious believes, or minority.
Term
Political Liberty
Definition
The first amendment: The Principle that citizens have certain freedoms of expression which the government can not infringe on. Speech, religion, assembly of an Association, and press.
Term
Social Contract
Definition
The believe that government is an agreement among people to form a single government. The people have a right to create a new government if the contract is violated.
Term
Liberal Democracy
Definition
Is a representative democracy that combines popular sovereignty, liberty, and political equality.
Term
Majority Tyranny
Definition
When the majority suppresses the liberty of a minorty.
Term
Minority Protection
Definition
Equal citizenship, right to vote, hate laws protecting against violence, right to free speech and press.
Term
Jim Crow Law
Definition
the souths legal justification for racial segregation.
Term
The Great Migration
Definition
A mass migration of African Americans from the south to other parts of the country to escape racisim.
Term
Political Factor- Structure
Definition
Enduring features of life, (Economy, society, international systems, political culture) the structure determines what issues become a part of the political agenda.
Term
Political Factor - Political Linkage Level
Definition
The political actors, (Public opinion, political parties, media, and interest groups) transmit the wants and needs of the people. They determine what policies are implemented by elected officials.
Term
Political Factor - Government Level
Definition
The beauraucracy (President, Legislature, Supreme Court) which is responsible for putting policies into action.
Term
Political Factor - Government Action
Definition
What the government (Law making, setting reulation,  national defense, and waging war) does to provide order.
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