Term
Shoulder joint complex includes what joints? |
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Definition
Glenohumeral joint Sternoclavicular joint Acromioclavicular joint Scapulothoracic articulation |
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Term
Characteristics of the glenohumeral joint |
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Definition
-Ball and socket joint with capsule, ligaments and bursae -sacrificed congruency to serve mobility needs of the hand -susceptible to degeneration, derangement, and dislocation -stability is gained from surrounding ligaments and muscles (esp rotator cuff) |
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Term
Characteristics of the joint capsule |
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Definition
-thin -large -lax -suction effect |
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Term
The joint capsule is reinforced by what ligaments? |
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Definition
glenohumeral ligaments and the coracohumeral ligament |
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Term
The joint capsule is ____ the size of the humeral head, allowing for what? |
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Definition
2x's, 1-2 cm of distraction and joint excursion away from the glenoid fossa |
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Term
The joint capsule is loose _____ and _____ allowing for greater mobility. |
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Definition
anteriorly and inferiorly |
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Term
The joint capsule forms a _____ providing ______ between articulating surfaces |
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Definition
vacuum, negative pressure |
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Term
In the subacromial space, what allows for frictionless movement? |
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Definition
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Term
In the subacromial space, the ______ creates a "secondary joint" for passage of the ________ and ________ |
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Definition
corocoacromial ligament, supraspinatus, and infraspinatus tendons |
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Term
Subacromial space distance |
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Definition
9-10 mm (leading to potential impingement) |
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Term
Two prolongations of joint capsule occur where? |
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Definition
the subscapular bursa and the synovial sheath of the biceps tendon |
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Term
Subacromial bursa includes _____ as these two usually communicate |
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Definition
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Term
Re: subacromial bursa Wearing away of the _____ and ______ may open up a communication into the joint space. |
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Definition
supraspinatus tendon, capsule |
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Term
Muscular and ligamentous reinforcement of the GH joint is weakest ______ near the ________ and the _______. |
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Definition
inferioly, posterior humeral circumflex artery, axillary nerve |
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Term
_______ ligaments reinforce the capsule anteriorly. |
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Definition
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Term
The weakest and most vulnerable region of the glenohumeral ligament is ________. This location is a common site of _______? |
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Definition
between the middle and inferior bands, humeral head extrusion/dislocation |
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Term
What motions do the glenohumeral ligaments restrict? |
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Definition
Middle and inferior GH ligaments limit abduction, all three limit external rotation (taut in abduction and external rotation) |
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Term
coracohumeral ligament attachments |
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Definition
from the coracoid process of the scapula to the two tuberosities of the humerus |
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Term
What ligament is taut in extension? |
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Definition
anterior band of the coracohumeral ligament |
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Term
what ligament is taut in flexion? |
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Definition
posterior band of the coracohumeral ligament |
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Term
The coracohumeral ligaments are taut in what positions? |
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Definition
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Term
Coracohumeral ligaments attachments |
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Definition
from the coracoid process of the scapula to the two tuberosities of the humerus |
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Term
Coracohumeral ligaments are taut in what motions? |
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Definition
in extension- anterior band tightens in flexion- posterior band tightens |
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Term
Resting position of the humeral head |
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Definition
rests only on a small inferior portion of the fossa |
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Term
Passive tension in _______, ________, and _______ hold the joint in the resting position |
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Definition
capsule, coracohumeral ligament, supraspinatus tendon |
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Term
Lack of passive tension of the ______ causes joint creep and eventual dislocation |
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Definition
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Term
The coracoacromial ligament forms an arch between ______ and ______ |
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Definition
the coracoid process, the acromion |
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Term
The coracohumeral ligament prevents _______ |
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Definition
superior traumatic dislocation of the humeral head |
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Term
The coracohumeral ligament protects _______ |
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Definition
the structures beneath it from direct trauma from above |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
The coracoacromial arch forms an _______ space containing the _______, ________, and ________ |
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Definition
osteoligamentous, supraspinatus tendon, the subacromial bursa, a portion of the tendon of the long head of the biceps |
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Term
The coracoacromial arch space is normally ______ (length) |
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Definition
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Term
Characteristics of the acromioclavicular joint |
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Definition
highly variable synovial joint with 3 degrees of freedom, an articular disc (highly variable) |
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Term
Primary function of the acromioclavicular joint |
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Definition
to maintain the relationship between the clavicle and the scapula |
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Term
Acromioclavicular joint capsule is strengthened horizontally by the _______ and superiorly by _______ |
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Definition
AC ligaments (superior and inferior), the aponeurotic expansions of the deltoid and trapezius muscles |
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Term
Coracoclavicular ligaments prevent _______ and _______ |
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Definition
upward rotation of the scapula at the AC joint, superior dislocation of the clavicle increasing AC joint stability |
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Term
Sternoclavicular joint description |
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Definition
A modified synovial sellar joint |
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Term
At the sternoclavicular joint, the _______ enhances stability and absorbs compressive forces |
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Definition
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Term
Sternoclavicular joint motion around a vertical axis of rotation |
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Definition
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Term
Range of sternoclavicular protraction and retraction |
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Definition
protraction: 30 degrees anteriorly retraction: 25 degrees posteriorly |
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Term
Clavicle motion in anterior and posterior directions are checked by the _______ and either the ______ or ______ |
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Definition
costoclavicular ligament, anterior, posterior joint capsule |
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Term
Sternoclavicular joint motion around the AP axis of rotation |
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Definition
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Term
Inferior motion of the medial clavicle (elevation) is limited by ______ and ______ |
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Definition
costoclavicular ligament, subclavius muscle tone |
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Term
Superior motion of the medial clavicle (depression) is limited by the ______ and _______ |
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Definition
superior capsule, contact of the first rib |
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Term
With elevation the proximal clavicle glides ______ and ______ |
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Definition
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Term
Range of sternoclavicular elevation and depression |
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Definition
elevation: 40 degrees depression: 10 degrees |
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