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| son and successor of the former Shah of Iran |
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• Part of the agency of his father’s downfall
• The allies replaced Reza Shah who had shown friendliness and sympathy toward the Nazis with his son |
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• Compared to his father he was weak, indecisive, and inadequate
• Distant from Iranian society- a little to westernized for oriental society |
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• Had to deal with chronic intervention by foreign powers and direct Soviet pressure
• Political culture of Iran was itself chaotic and phantasmagoric- deputies expected to be bribed |
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| almost got assassinated and used this as a turning point- imposed martial law and began a campaign to assert his personal authority |
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| the point man for the increase payment of royalties to Iran- greatly resented by British officials who saw him as a source of their troubles. Called him the “infant prodigy” |
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| o Thought British needed to be saved from themselves especially when it came to their nineteenth century attitude toward oil |
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completely dominate the drama for the next two years
• Slyly outwits everyone- foreign oil companies, the American and British governments, the Shah, his own domestic rivals |
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• Nationalistic, antiforeigner, and obsessed by his opposition to the British
• Played a leading role in opposing Reza Shah’s moves to turn Persia into a dictatorship and make himself the absolute ruler |
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• Years of dedicated opposition had firmly established him as the “pure” man, devoted to Iran and to cleansing it of foreign domination
• Overriding objectives: the maintenance of his own political position and the expulsion of the foreigner- the British |
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• First Americans saw him as a rational, nationalistic leader and one with whom business might be done. When it was over, he was just a great actor and a great gambler- always wore pajamas
• From the beginning the British knew he was hard to negotiate with and regarded him as a lunatic |
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| • British’s national champion, Anglo-Iranian, and Britain itself would be outwitted by an old man in pajamas |
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| a mediator for between Britain and Iran |
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| o Arrived in Tehran, Iran accompanied with Vernon Walters, a U.S. Army lieutenant colonel who would be the interpreter and Walter Levy, who had directed oil affairs in the Marshall Plan |
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| o Levy was known as the real oracle of State when it came to international petroleum matters. His view was that Anglo-Iranian’s position had so degenerated that it could never go back in its existing form |
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| o The only way to regain overall oil position would be to camouflage the existence of AIOC and dilute it within a new operating company that would be controlled by a number of companies some American |
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special negotiator and socialist millionaire
o Went back with Harriman to offer Mossadegh a jolly good offer |
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| Permanent Undersecretary at the Ministry of Fuel and Power |
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o Accompanied Stokes to Tehran
o Critic of AIOC and its chairman, Sir William Fraser, and was also skeptical of the possibility of any settlement and feared that a deal would threaten every other British foreign investment |
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| gave last remain British employees at Abadan exactly one week to clear out |
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| Winston’s Foreign Secretary |
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| o Played a key role in solving the crisis occasioned by Reza Shah’s expropriation of Anglo-Persian eight years earlier |
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o He helped kick Reza Shah out of office when the Shah started flirting with the Nazis
o Decided to sell his government shares in AIOC which a substantial part of his own financial assets were tied up in |
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