Term
| What central mass separates the left and right pleural cavities? |
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Definition
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Term
| The superior opening to the thoracic cavity is known as what? |
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Definition
| The Superior Thoracic Aperture |
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Term
| A penetrating wound around the superior thoracic aperture or poor technique in attempting to access the subclavian vein may result in what? |
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Definition
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Term
The inferior opening to the thoracic cavity is known as what?
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Definition
| Inferior Thoracic Aperture |
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Term
| Closed sacs of serous membrane that enclose each lung is known as what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two types of pleurae? |
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Definition
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Term
| The parietal pleurae is which layer of pleurae? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which encloses the entire pleural cavity and separates it from the other regions of the thorax? |
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Definition
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Term
| The parietal pleurae is divided according to what? |
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Definition
| Structures with which it comes into contact |
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Term
| What are the 4 regions of parietal pleurae? |
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Definition
| Costal, Diaphragmatic, Mediastinal, Cervical |
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Term
| The visceral pleurae is which layer of pleurae? |
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Definition
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Term
| What surrounds the lungs and is tightly adhered to the lung surface? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are the parietal and visceral pleruae continuous? |
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Definition
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Term
| What separates the parietal and visceral pluerae? |
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Definition
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Term
| What fills the pleural cavity, allowing the two layers to slide easily atop one another? |
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Definition
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Term
| What lays between the costal and diaphragmatic partes of the parietal pleurae? |
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Definition
| Costodiaphragmatic Recess |
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Term
| What occurs anteriorly between the costal and mediastinal parts of the parietal pleura? |
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Definition
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Term
| Fluid filling pleural recesses is known as what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Accumulation of serous fluid in the pleural cavity is known as what? |
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Definition
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Term
Accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity is known as what?
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Definition
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Term
Accumulation of chyle in the pleural cavity is known as what?
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Definition
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Term
| Which bronchi is the primary bronchi? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the divisions of bronchi |
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Definition
| Main Bronchi --> Lobar Bronchi --> Segmental Bronchi --> Bronco-pulmonary Segment |
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Term
| What is the functional unit of the lung? |
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Definition
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Term
| An inhaled object is most likely to enter what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where do most inhaled objects become lodged? |
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Definition
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Term
| What provides oxygen and nutrients to the lungs? |
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Definition
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Term
| The left superior and left inferior bronchial arteries arise from what? |
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Definition
| Anterior Surface of Thoracic Aorta |
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Term
| The singular right bronchial artery typically arises from what? |
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Definition
| One of the posterior intercostal arteries or a common trunk with the left superior bronchial artery |
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Term
| What is the source of deoxygenated blood to the lung? |
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Definition
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Term
| Through what route does oxygenated blood travel back to the heart? |
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Definition
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Term
| The collection of tubular structures connecting the lung to structures in the mediastinum is known as what? |
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Definition
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Term
| The phrenic nerve runs alongside what structure of the lung? |
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Definition
| Anterior to the root of the lung |
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Term
| The vagus nerve runs alongside what structure of the lung? |
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Definition
| Posterior to the root of the lung |
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Term
| What is the region on the medial surface of the lung outlined by the pleural refrlection where the structures that make the root of the lung enter? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the thin reflection of pleura connecting the lung hilum to the mediastum? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is unique about the right lung's lobes? |
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Definition
| It has 3 layers, left lung does not have a middle lobe |
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Term
| What are the fissures of the right lobe? |
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Definition
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Term
| The right lung has unique sulcus for what structures? |
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Definition
| Azygos vein and Vena Cava |
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Term
| The left lung has unique sulcus for what structures? |
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Definition
| Aorta and Left Brachiocephalic Vein |
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Term
| Enlarged air spaces in lungs is indicative of what disease? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the roots of the phrenic nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What nerve causes inspiration due to action by the diaphragm? |
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Definition
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Term
| What separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities and is the main muscle involved with breathing? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What arteries supply the diaphragm? |
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Definition
| Pericardiacophrenic, Musculophrenic, Superior Phrenic, and Inferior Phrenic Arteries |
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Term
| What is the caval opening? |
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Definition
| Opening for the inferior Vena Cava |
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Term
| What vertebrae is the caval opening located? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the esophageal hiatus? |
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Definition
| Opening for esophagus and vagal trunk |
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Term
| What vertebrae is the Esophageal Hiatus located? |
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Definition
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Term
| What travels through the Aortic Hiatus? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which vertebrae is the aortic hiatus located? |
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Definition
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Term
| The descent of the diaphragm is akin to what kind of movement? |
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Definition
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Term
| Anterior Movement of the Sternum is akin to what kind of movement? |
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Definition
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Term
| Elevation of the lateral aspect of the ribs (widening region of the ribs) is akin to what kind of movement? |
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Definition
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Term
| What physical actions are involved in inspiration? |
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Definition
| Contraction of the diaphragm and relaxation of the abdominal muscles, leading to increase in vertical dimension of thorax and a decrease in intrathoracic pressure, forcing air into the lungs |
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Term
| What physical actions describe normal expiration? |
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Definition
| Relaxation of the diaphragm and contraction of the abdominal muscles, leading to decrease in vertical dimension and an increase in intrathoracic pressure, forcing air out of the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| A collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity of the chest between the lung and the chest wall |
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Term
| What causes traumatic pneumothorax? |
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Definition
| A cut in the pleura due to injury causing airflow in and out of the pleural cavity during inspiration and expiration respectively. Results in collapsed lung. |
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Term
| What causes spontaneous pneumothorax? |
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Definition
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Term
| In what circumstance does the heart move to the left during pneumothorax? |
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Definition
| Expiration during traumatic pneumothorax. All other instances cause cardiac shift to the right. |
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Term
| What is the rib level for the pleurae at the midclavicular line, mid-axillary line, and vertebrae? |
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Definition
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Term
What is the rib level for the lung at the midclavicular line, mid-axillary line, and vertebrae?
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Definition
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Term
| What are the borders of the triangle of auscultation? |
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Definition
| Trapezius, Latissimus Dorsi, Scapula |
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Term
| What is the floor of the triangle of auscultation? |
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Definition
| Serratus Anterior and Rhomboid Major |
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Term
| Palpation of the back to feel for lung movement can evaluate for what? |
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Definition
| Thoracic expansion during respiration, pleural friction rub, and crepitis due to trapped air |
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Term
| What landmarks should you keep in mind for chest tube placement? |
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Definition
| VAN, Costodiaphragmatic Recess, Location of the Lung |
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