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| the extension of a nations power over other nations |
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| old imperialism wanted trading posts and missionaries, new imperialism was during the 19th century and wanted power |
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| survival of the fitest drives social evolution in society |
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| moral responsibility of europeans and white men to civilize people |
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| found singapore in 1819 on behalf of the british (british territory) |
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| a country in southeast asia, taken over by the british |
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| great britain gained control here after provoking the collapse of the burnese monarchy |
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| french christian missionaries tried to convert people here (french territory) |
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| political unit that depends on another government for protection (french had many) |
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| british and french fought to gain thailand as a colony, king mongkut and his son helped it maintain independence |
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| he and his son promoted learning and were friendly to the europeans, helped Thailand maintain independence |
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| son of king mongkut, promoted learning, friendly to europeans, helped maintain independence in thailand |
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| defeated the spanish in manilla bay in 1898 on behalf of the united states |
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| president william mckinley turned it into an american colony |
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| led independence movement in the Philippines, defeated gorilla forces used by mckinley |
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| colonial regime used in southeast asia, local rulers allowed to maintain status & authority, example: dutch east india company, pros: a)lowered cost of gov't b)less effect on culture c)easier to get natural resources |
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| colonial regime used in southeast asia, local elites removed from power and replaced, burma & southern parts of indonesia are examples |
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| example of indirect rule, located in southeast asia |
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| westernized intellectuals |
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| new class of people created by colonial rule, spoke western languages and had western values, 1st generation educated in western-style schools |
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british: gold coast and nigeria
france: french west africa
germany: togo, cameroon, german southwest africa, german east africa |
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| incorporating a country within a state, great britain did this with the west coastal states in 1874 |
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British: egypt and sudan
French: Algeria, tunisia, and morocco
Italy: turkish tripoli => libia, had and lost ethiopia |
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| established egypt as an independent state from the ottoman empire, in 1805 |
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| 1854 - 1869: ferdinand de lesseps built the suez canal to bridge the red sea and the mediterranean |
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| revolted to get control of the british sudan in 1881, was muslim |
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Belgium: Belgium congo
French: Cabinda |
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| explored africa for more than 31 years starting in 1841 |
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| journalist hired to find dr. livingstone (he was lost temporarily), strongly disliked africa |
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| belgian king, hired stanley to set belgian settlements in the congo |
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Portugal: Mozambique
German: German East Africa
British: Uganda, Italian Somaliland |
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| german chancellor who fought the british for colonization |
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| met 1884 - 1885 to settle disputes about colonization, no african delegates present |
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| the dutch who occupied cape town south africa |
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| boers fled on great trek between orange and vaal rivers, fled to south african republic |
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| definition: native people, boers put indigenous people on reservations |
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| ruler shaka made them strong, battled the boers, destoryed by the brits |
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| founded the diamond and gold companies, named rhodesia after himself, caused the boer war |
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| caused by Rhodes, 1899 - 1902, burned crops, detention camps and death by starvation, boers vs british, brits won |
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| old cape colony and boers republic |
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| in 1914, along with ehtiopia, only free state |
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| in 1914, along with liberia, only free state |
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| place in nigeria where british introduced indirect rule in 1903: kept african elite in power, brits made all decisions, started classes and tribal tension |
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| french who ruled with direct rule wanted to assimilate africans with europeans, def: make similiar to |
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| 1st gen. africans to know west, some wanted/some resented foreigners, large gap between theory and practice |
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| 1857: indians revolted, by indians is called the 1st war of independence, sepoys were indian soldiers |
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| as a result of the rebellion, power was transferred to this queen in great britain, named empress of india and "jewel in the crown" |
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| governors who ruled as representative monarchs, brits ruled india like this |
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| british administrator and historian, set up a school to train kids to serve in the gov't army, 90% of kids still uneducated |
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| used to collect taxes for the british gov't, were corrupt and peasants grew angry |
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| farmers switched from growing food to cotton as a cash crop, direct result: 30 mil. people died from 1800-1900 |
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| elitist british military commander |
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| british disrespected indian culture by throwing parties in the taj mahal, large beautiful structure, 1 of 7 world wonders |
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| indians met at mumbai to call for share in governing, goal: seek independence for all religions, didn't want upfront indep., mostly hindu so muslims complained and made own league |
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| branched off of INC, created to represent muslim interests in push for independence |
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| returned to india in 1915 to gain indep., born in west india, educated as lawyer in london, set up nonviolent resistance like which had been done in south africa |
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| most illustrious indian author, also a social reformer, spiritual leader, educator, philosopher, singer, painter, spokesperson, set up int'l universities,mission: promote pride in india (against the brits), wrote novel about love/hate relationship with the british, worked for world peace and human dignity |
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