Term
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Definition
| made up of the serous and fibrous layers |
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Term
|
Definition
| contains adipose and coronary blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| has muscle spirals to produce wringing motion; provides structural support; anchor for valve tissue; insulator between atria and ventricles |
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Term
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Definition
| covers the valve surfaces and is continuous w endothelium of blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| anterior, posterior, septal |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| connection in the right ventricle that prevents over-expansion |
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Term
| Pulmonary Semilunar valve |
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Definition
| right, left, anterior cusps |
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Term
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Definition
| right, left, posterior cusps |
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Term
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Definition
| 5% of blood pumped by heart is pumped to the heart itself |
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Term
| Left Coronary artery (LCA) |
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Definition
| branches off the ascending aorta into the Anterior interventricular branch (LAD) and the Circumflex branch |
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Term
| Anterior interventricular branch (LAD) |
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Definition
| supplies blood to both ventricles and anterior 2/3 of the interventricular septum |
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Term
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Definition
| passes around left side of heart in coronary sulcus; supplies left atrium and posterior wall of left ventricle |
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Term
| Right Coronary artery (RCA) |
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Definition
| supplies right atrium and SA node; branches off the ascending aorta into the Right marginal branch and the Posterior interventricular branch |
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Term
|
Definition
| supplies lateral aspect of right atrium and ventricle |
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Term
| Posterior interventricular branch |
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Definition
| supplies posterior walls of ventricles |
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Term
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Definition
| caused by ischemia of cardiac muscle; causes myocardium to shift to anaerobic fermentation, producing lactic acid as a by-product |
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Term
|
Definition
| sudden death of a patch of myocardium caused by long-term obstruction of coronary circulation |
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Term
|
Definition
| blood clot or fatty deposit; often obstructs coronary arteries causing cardiac muscle downstream to die within minutes |
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Term
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Definition
| junctions of vessels, can protect against MI |
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Term
| Ventricular contraction (systole) |
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Definition
| blood flow to the heart is slowed due to compression of the coronary arteries, and is fully blocked when the Aortic valve opens |
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Term
| Ventricular relaxation (diastole) |
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Definition
| blood flow to the heart speeds up as blood in the aorta surges back toward the heart and into the openings of the coronary arteries |
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Term
Venous drainage
(Thebesian veins) |
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Definition
| 5 to 10% drains directly into heart chambers- RA and RV- |
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Term
Venous drainage
(Great cardiac vein) |
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Definition
| travels alongside anterior interventricular artery; collects blood from anterior portion of heart; empties into coronary sinus |
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Term
Venous drainage
(Middle cardiac vein [posterior interventricular]) |
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Definition
| found in posterior sulcus; collects blood from posterior portion of heart; drains into coronary sinus |
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Term
Venous drainage
(Left marginal vein) |
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Definition
| empties into coronary sinus |
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Term
|
Definition
| large transverse vein in coronary sulcus on posterior side of heart; collects blood and empties into RA |
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Term
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Definition
| striated, short, thick, branched cells, uninucleated surrounded by glycogen |
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Term
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Definition
| done almost entirely by fibrosis (scarring) |
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Term
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Definition
| mechanical junctions tightly join cardiocytes end to end |
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Term
Intercalated discs
(Interdigitating folds) |
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Definition
| interlock with each other and increase surface area of contact |
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Term
Intercalated discs
(Fascia adherens) |
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Definition
| broad band in which the actin of the thin myofilaments is anchored to the plasma membrane |
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Term
Intercalated discs
(Desmosomes) |
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Definition
| weldlike mechanical junctions between cells |
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Term
|
Definition
| allow ions to flow between cells; can stimulate neighbors- entire myocardium of either two atria of ventricles can act like a single, unified cell |
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Term
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Definition
| fatigue resistant because it makes little use of anaerobic fermentation or oxygen debt mechanisms |
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Term
Cardiac muscle
(Metabolism) |
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Definition
| depends almost exclusively on aerobic respiration used to make ATP; rich in myoglobin and glycogen; huge mitochondria fill 25% of cell |
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Term
|
Definition
| fatty acids (60%), glucose (35%), ketones, lactic acid and amino acids (5%); more vulnerable to oxygen deficiency than lack of any one fuel |
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Term
| Nerve supply to the heart |
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Definition
| medulla and pons regulate |
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