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| First President of the United States under the united States Constitution. Known as the "Precedent President" because everything he did set a pattern for Presidents after him to follow. |
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| George Washington was known as this because everything he did set a pattern for Presidents after him to follow. |
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| The authors of the Constitution did not entirely trust the citizens of the U.S. to select the best candidate for President. The Electoral College selects the President through electoral votes. Today, the first candidate to get to 270 electoral votes becomes the President. |
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| This law created the federal court system in three levels - 94 District Courts, 12 Courts of Appeals, and the Supreme Court. |
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| Washington's Secretary of the Treasury, he set out to pay off the American Revolutionary War debt by paying off farmer's debts. However, he first told his friends of the plan, cheating the farmers out of full payment when they sold to Hamilton's friends for less than full value. Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson were rivals in Washington's cabinet. |
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| The amount of money the U.S. owns. Hamilton sought to pay off this debt during Washington's Presidency. |
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| Investors who make risky investments in hopes of big rewards (returns). Hamilton's friends were speculators when they sought to purchase I.O.U.'s from farmers. |
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| Washington's Secretary of State (person in charge of foreign affairs). Jefferson sought to support the farmers and consumers, not business people during Washington's Presidency. He would become the third U.S. President. |
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| A term for people who look for loopholes in the wording of the U.S. Constitution. They would state that if the Constitution does not specifically say that you cannot do something, then you are able to. |
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| A term for those who say that we can only do what the Constitution specifically says that we can do. |
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| The French citizens overthrew King Louis XVI. The U.S. was unsure whether to support this revolution. Jefferson wanted to help the people of France, whereas Hamilton wanted to support the British's opposition to the Revolution. |
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| In his Farewell Address, George Washington urges the U.S. to adopt this policy towards foreign countries until the U.S. has more power. The U.S. generally follows this policy until World War I. |
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| In a war between Britain and France, the British were capturing U.S. ships and forcing U.S. sailors to serve in the British Navy. The U.S. does little about this. |
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| This uprising in Western Pennsylvania was crushed by Washington during his presidency. This incident shows us that the New government under the Constitution is more powerful and can stop trouble in times of crisis. |
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| In his Farewell Address, Washington warns that the formation of these will tear the U.S. apart. However, they had already formed around Hamilton and Jefferson. |
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| The political party of Alexander Hamilton, it favored business over consumers, rich over poor, educated over non-educated, and North over South. |
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| Democratic-Republican Party (Jeffersonian Republicans) |
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| The party of Thomas Jefferson, it favored farmers over business owners, France over Britain, South over North, and average person over the elite and well educated. |
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| Second President of the United States (1796-1800). Only served one term because Hamilton refused to support him for reelection in 1800. |
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| France required a bribe from the U.S. to meet with them. President Adams refuses to pay. Alexander Hamilton asks Adams to declare war on France so that his Federalists will win elections. Adams, although a Federalist, refuses to do what is best for his party, choosing instead to do what is best for the country. This honorable act cost him reelection. |
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| Federalist law designed to silence people opposed to their ideas by deporting recent immigrants. |
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| Federalist law designed to silence opposition by making it illegal to critcize the government. This is clearly unconstitutional, but the Supreme Court had not yet had given itself the power to declare laws unfair. It would do so in 1803 in the famous Marbury vs. Madison case. |
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| Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions |
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| Two states refuse to follow the Alien and Sedition Acts. This brings up the question of whose laws are more powerful - state or federal? |
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| Thomas Jefferson wins the Presidency by defeating John Adams, starting a long period of rule by Jeffersonian Republicans. |
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