Term
What kind of glands are Endocrine Glands? Where are the hormones secreted? |
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Definition
Ductless organs that secrete their molecules directly into the blood stream. Blood stream and digestive tract Do not activate nerves - use receptors on cells |
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Term
Compared to the nervous sytem, the endocrine system.........(5) |
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Definition
Slower response that lasts longer widespread general effects can affect any cell in the body acts using hormones Secrets into the blood stream
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Term
| What are the 9 organs of the Endocrine System? |
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Definition
Pituitary Gland Pineal gland Thyroid gland Parathyroid glands Adrenal Glands Pancreas Thymus Gonads Hypothalmus
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Term
| What are the Functions of the Endocrine Glands? |
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Definition
Long term reponses Hormones tigger specific physiological responses Controls 50 things a few examples are:
Body Growth Reproductive organ growth Maintaines proper blood chemistry Rate of 02 use by bodies cells |
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Term
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Definition
| Protiens that are messenger molecules released by endocrine gland that regulate specific functions. |
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Term
| The three catagories of Hormones are: |
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Definition
Peptides ( most common) Steroids (second most common) Biogenic Amines (Thyroid)
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Term
What are peptide hormones made of? |
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Definition
Chains of amino acids eg Growth Hormone |
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Term
What are Steroid Hormones made from? |
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Definition
| Lipids, derived from cholesterol - they carry substances that can't be dissolved in water or the blood stream |
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Term
| What are Biogenic Amines? |
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Definition
Produced by altering a specific amino acid eg Thyroid hormone Altered so it doesn't get incorporated into a protien |
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Term
How are hormones able to recognize their target cells? What would happen if this recognition system failed? |
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Definition
Receptors on the cell The presence of the hormone would not initiate any response |
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Term
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Definition
The endocrine control center Produces Oxytocin and ADH (stored in posterior pituatary gland) Secrets regulatory hormones Controls the ANS stiulation of adrenal medulla (epinepheron)
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Term
Hypophysis is..... Adenohypophysis is.... Neurohypophysis is..... |
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Definition
Pituitary Gland Anterior Pituitary Gland Posterior Pituitary Gland
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Term
| What is the Adneohypohysis composed of? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Neurohypohysis a part of? |
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Definition
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Term
What embryonic Tissues do endocrine glands develop from? |
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Definition
Collectively from all three layers Adrenal cortex - Mesoderm Pituatary - Ectoderm Thyroid - Endo derm
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Term
| Hypophyseal Portal System |
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Definition
Capillary system of the hypothalmus empties into a portal vein which takes the blood and hormones produced in the hypothalmus down to the anterior Pituatary gland. The blood then is spread out in another capillary system where the hormones produced in the Hypothalmus are absorbed into the Anterior pituatary gland and the hormones released from the Adenophypophysis are released into the blood stream
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Term
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Definition
Butterfly shaped Inferior to larynx Largest pure endocrine gland Produces Thyroid Hormone & calcitonin
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Term
| Increases in parathyroid hormone would have what effect on osteoblast and osteoclast activity? |
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Definition
Increase Osteo clast Decrease Osteo blast Increases blood concentration of Ca+ Breaks down bone |
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Term
| Increases in calcitonin would have what effect on osteoblast and osteoclast activity? |
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Definition
Increase Osteoblast Decrease Osteoclast Lowers level of Blood Ca+ Builds bone |
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Term
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Definition
Act on immune system - block inflammation Impede the function of white blood cells Should not be used for long periods of time Used to treat
Rheumatoid arthritis Lupus Inflammatory bowel disease |
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Term
| Where is the Pineal Gland located |
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Definition
| Small pine-cone shaped structure at tned of short stalk on roof of diencephalon |
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Term
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Definition
Anterierior pituitary - out pocketing of the ectoderm Posterior Pituitary - grows from developing hypothalamus |
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