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| the arrangement of actions and incidents in a narrative where one force encounters another and a conflict is resolved |
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| a time,place, and circumstance in which a narrative occurs |
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| the creation or delineation of persons in writing through the description of their actions, gestures, thoughts, and feelings (usually involves development) |
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| the struggle which results from the opposition of two forces in a plot |
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| the outlook from which the events of a story are narrated |
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the author’s choice of words
(when discussing diction, you must address tone) |
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| the central idea or issue the author explores in a work of literature |
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| literary tools used by an author to create both a literal and a figurative meaning |
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| something (object, person, place) which suggests more than its literal meaning, usually something concrete that stands for something abstract |
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| the creation of a sensory representation to the mind through the use of words; mental pictures or sensations |
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the opposite of what is expected.
Types of irony include:
Verbal—the use of words to convey the opposite of their literal meaning
Situational—when circumstances turn out to be the opposite of what was expected
Dramatic—when the character’s words are understood by the reader but not in the fullest to the character himself |
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| a seemingly contradictory statement which may nevertheless be true |
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| ridicule of human follies, weaknesses, excesses, and vices with the intention of inspiring improvement and correction |
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| Hyberbole (overstatement) |
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| exaggeration; occurs when the speaker says more than what is the literal truth |
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| the speaker says less than (s)he literally means |
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| an incident, character, concept, or pattern which recurs in a work of literature |
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| the author’s attitude toward the subject (diction determines tone) |
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| a comparison between two dissimilar things not using “like” or “as” as a connector |
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| a comparison of two unlike things using “like” or “as” as a connector |
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| occurs when a non-human object is given human qualities |
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| a reference to a person, place, thing, or event assumed by the author to be familiar enough to the reader to be recognized by him; usually mythology, literature, or history |
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| a character in a work of literature who has a common bond with another character and who is created to provide comparison and contrast to that character |
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| a character with an excess of a positive trait, which leads to his downfall; a noble person whose positive trait in part makes him great but also precipitates his downfall |
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| a positive trait in excess which leads to the downfall of the tragic hero |
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