Term
| What is another name for the GI (gastrointestinal tract)? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the alimentary canal/ GI tract consists of? |
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Definition
| mouth, most of pharynx, esophagus, stomach,small intestine, and large intestine |
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Term
| What are examples of the accessory digestive organ? |
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Definition
| teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gall bladder and pancreas |
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Term
| What are the functions of the Digestive System? |
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Definition
Step 1: ingestion
Step 2: Secretion of Water, acid, buffers and enzymes into lumen, Step 3 mixing and propulsion
Step 4: Digestion ( Mechanical and chemical digestion.
Step 5: Absorption.
Step 6: elimination of feces |
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Term
| What are the Layers of the GI tract? |
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Definition
Mucosa
Submucosa
muscularis
serosa |
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Term
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Definition
First layer of GI tract.
it is the inner linning and is composed of the epithelium : protection, secretion, absorption
Lamina propia: connective tissue with blood and lymphatic vessels
Muscularis mucosae : thin layer of smooth muscle folded to increase surface area |
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Term
| Where is epithelium found in the GI tract? |
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Definition
On the mucosa ( inner linning)
it acts as its protection, absorption and secretion |
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Term
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Definition
| it is found in the mucosa and it is connective tissue with blood and lymphatic vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| it is in the mucosa and is composed of smooth muscle folded to increase the surface area |
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Term
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Definition
| contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves (submucosal plexus) |
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Term
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Definition
voluntary skeletal muscle in mouth, pharynx, upper 2/3 of esophagus and anal sphincter
* Involuntary smooth muscle else where
* Myenteric plexus btwn muscle layers |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What does ingestion mean? |
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Definition
| taking food into the mouth |
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Term
| What does secretion mean? |
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Definition
| release of water, acid, buffers, and enzymes into the lumen of the GI tract |
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Term
| Mixing and propulsion means? |
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Definition
| churning and propulsion of food through the GI tract |
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Term
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Definition
| passage of digested products from the GI tract into the blood and lymph |
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Term
| Which organs of the digestive system come in contact with food, and what are some of their digestive functions? |
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Definition
| teeth- cut and grind food. smooth muscles of the stomach and small intestine- churn the food |
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Term
| Which kids of food molecules undergo chemical digestion and which do not? |
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Definition
undergo with out chemical digestion: vitamins, ions, cholesterol and water.
Hydrolysis aids chemical digestion- carbs, lipid, protein, nucleic acid. |
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Term
| Where along the GI tract is the muscularis composed of skeletal muscle?Is control of skeletal muscle voluntary or involuntary? |
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Definition
Voluntary skeletal muscle in : mouth, pharynx, and 2/3 of esophagus and anal sphincter
Involuntary smooth muscle is elsewhere |
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Term
| Name the 4 layers of the GI tract? |
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Definition
| mucosa, submucosa, mucularis, serosa |
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Term
| What are the functions of the myenteric and submucosal plexuses of the ENS? |
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Definition
myenteric plexus: tracts motility
submucosal plexus: controls secretions |
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Term
| how is the enteric nervous system regulated by the Autonomic nervous System (ANS)? |
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Definition
| the ENS is the 3rd division of the ANS. Also Parasympathetic and Sympathetic. |
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Term
| What is the GI reflex pathway? |
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Definition
| it regulates the GI secretion ancd motility in response to stimuli present in the lumen of the GI tract. |
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Term
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Definition
| Largest serous membrane of the body |
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Term
| Another name for mouth is? |
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Definition
| Oral cavity or buccal cavity. |
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