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Speech to House of Representatives by David Wilmot, August 8, 1846.
Favored territorial expansion, annexation of Texas as slave state. No slavery in Mexico if annexed, for slavery already did not exist in that region.
Wilmot Proviso never passed Senate, but sill...
[[[Politicized the debate over slavery.]]]
Calhoun Resolutions argue against Wilmot Proviso, stating that Bill of Rights is a basic guarantee of slavery. Any person should be able to carry any property to any territory. |
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-Idea that slavery should not be a national issue, but instead should be regulated by the citizens of a territory.
-Suggested first by Lewis Cass, who in 1848 would win the presidential nomination at the Democratic convention. Party does not endorse Popular Sovereignty.
-Would allow non-slave holding farmers easy access to new lands without denying such access to slave holders. |
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The Free-Soil Coalition
and election of 1848 |
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-A new party consisting of rebellious Democrats, antislavery Whigs, and members of the Livery Party.
-"One might simply want free soil for white farmers, while keeping the unwelcome blacks far away in the South, where they belonged." (America: A Narrative History)
-Main principle of party was Wilmot Proviso.
-Split Democratic vote and Whig vote, but Zachary Taylor of Whigs becomes president.
-In votes, Van Buren of Free Soil < Democratic Lewis Cass < [[Whig Zachary Taylor]] |
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-Gold discovered in California in January 1848
-Within five years, 300000+ people migrate to California.
-"Forty-niners" are of all classes, states and territories.
-Most traveled overland, others by ship over Panama or Cape Horn
-Mexicans displaced, natives displaced.
-Foreigners come to California. Americans represent just 68%. |
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Young miners in California have a migratory lifestyle, moving whenever there is news of gold.
Murders and violence persisted in these mining communities.
1 in 5 gold seekers was dead within 6 months of arriving in California in 1849.
Women rare, drink abundant. |
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Taylor looks to make California and New Mexico free states immediately, as slavery doesn't already exist there.
More info on other cards. |
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| The Compromise of 1850- The Great Debate, Toward a Compromise |
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January 1850, Clay presents following proposition:
1 admit California as free state
2 organize remainder territories of SW without restriction as to slavery
3 deny Texas claim to New Mexico
4 compensate Texas by assuming preannexation Texas debt
5 uphold slavery in DC
6 abolish slave trade across DC's boundries
7 fugitive slave act++
8 deny congressional authority to interfere with interstate slave trade
(America: A Narrative History)
Stephen Doughlas breaks Clay's compromise into 6 parts which are each passed. |
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| Novel sparks antislavery ideals in the imaginations of the people. |
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