Term
| 2 GB - 8 GB of RAM is usually for? |
|
Definition
| users requiring more advanced multimedia capabilities; running number-intensive accounting, financing or spreadsheet programs; voice recognition; working w/ videos, music/digital imaging; creating Web sites; video conferencing; playing internet games |
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Term
| 2GB or less RAM is usually used for? |
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Definition
| home/business users managing personal finances; using standard app software like word processing; using educational/entertainment optical discs; and communicating w/ others on the Web |
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Term
| 4 operations of the machine cycle |
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Definition
1) fetching
2) decoding
3) executing
4) storing (if necessary) |
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Term
| 8 GB and more RAM is usually used for? |
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Definition
| creating professional Web sites; running sophisticated CAD, 3-D design or other graphic-intensive software |
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Term
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Definition
| an external power supply one end in wall outlet (AC power) and other end to a peripheral (DC power) |
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Term
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Definition
| by Intel and improves the transmission speed of 3-D graphics/video and is a dedicated interface between video card/memory stands for accelerated graphics port |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| American Standard Code for Information Interchange |
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Term
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Definition
| a type of L2 cache built-in to the processor chip and makes the processor much faster |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| American Standard Code for Information Interchange |
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Definition
| most widely used coding scheme to represent data used for English/Western European languages but not large enough for Asian/other languages that use different alphabets |
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Term
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Definition
| backside bus connects the processor to the cache |
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Term
| Bluetooth wireless port adapter |
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Definition
| for devices that are not bluetooth enabled and converts an existing USB port into a bluetooth port |
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Term
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Definition
| a high speed/low power technology that uses battery power to retain info even when the computer is off and is used by RAM chips, flash memory chips and other memory chips |
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Term
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Definition
| complementary metal-oxide semiconductor |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| an adapter card that allows viewing of digital cable tv channels |
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Term
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Definition
| 2nd gen DDR and faster than DDR |
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Term
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Definition
| 3rd gen DDR and is faster than DDR2 designed for multi-core processors |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| an adapter card that connects disk drives |
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Term
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Definition
| transfers date twice for each clock cycle and faster than SDRAM |
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Term
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Definition
| a type of PROM chip that allows the programmer to erase the microcode w/an elctric signal |
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Term
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Definition
| electrically erasable programmable read-only memory |
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Term
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Definition
| the next gen of the PC Card and about half the size and can be used as a removable flash memory device, to add memory, for communications/multimedia or for security capabilities |
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Term
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Definition
| a special type of expansion slot that hold an ExpressCard module |
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Term
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Definition
| another term for the system bus is front side bus |
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Term
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Definition
| an adapter card the connects to FireWire devices |
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Term
|
Definition
| a device that plugs into it's matching port on a system unit and contains multiple ports adding extra matching ports |
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Term
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Definition
| like a USB port and can connect up to 63 devices |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 1073741824 or simply 1 billion |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| an adapter card that allows viewing of HDTV broadcasts on the monitor |
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Term
How many pages of text approximately correspond to the following:
KB? MB? GB? TB? |
|
Definition
1/2
500
500,000
500,000,000 |
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Term
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Definition
| the old term for FireWire port |
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Term
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Definition
| processor with mobile technology that integrates wireless functionality in notebooks/tablets |
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Term
|
Definition
| high-performance processor chips |
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Term
| Intel Pentium/Celeron family |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| ideal for workstations/low-end servers |
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Term
|
Definition
| infrared data association ports transmit data via infrared light waves |
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
| KB or K = how many bytes? |
|
Definition
| 1024 or simplified as 1000 |
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Term
|
Definition
| built-in to the processor chip and usually has a small capacity from 8KB-128KB |
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Term
|
Definition
| slightly slower than L1 but w/ larger capacity 64KB-16MB and is the most common type of cache among users |
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Term
|
Definition
is on the motherboard and is separate form the processor chip and it only exists on computers that use L2 ATC is
8 MB-24 MB |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| 1048576 or simply 1 million |
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Term
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Definition
| an adapter card that connects musical instruments |
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Term
|
Definition
| a special type of serial port that connects the system unit to a musical instrument |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| Memory stores 3 basic categories of items: |
|
Definition
| OS/other system software that control/maintain the computer/devices; application programs for specific tasks like word processing; data being processed by application programs/the resulting info |
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Term
|
Definition
| an adapter card that connects multiple computers through telephone lines, cable tv lines or other transmission media |
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Term
| Name 3 OS that use unicode? |
|
Definition
| Windows, Mac OS and Linux |
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Term
|
Definition
| an adapter card that connects multiple computers and peripherals |
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Term
|
Definition
| a thin credit card sized removable flash memory device that primarily functions to enable notebook/tablet PCs to wirelessly access the internet |
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Term
|
Definition
| the expansion bus for a PC Card that travels from the PC Card to the PCI bus |
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Term
|
Definition
| a special type of expansion slot that holds a PC Card |
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Term
|
Definition
| an adapter card that connects a tv |
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Term
|
Definition
| a high speed expansion bus that connects higher speed devices peripheral component interconnect |
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Term
|
Definition
| 2x the speed of predecessor PCI and most commonly used today for video cards the e is for express |
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Term
|
Definition
| a blank ROM chip where a program can write permanently and functions like a regular ROM chip after the programmer writes code to it |
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Term
|
Definition
| programmable read-only memory |
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Term
|
Definition
| a technology that enables a computer to automatically configure adapter cards / other peripherals as they are installed so you can plug in a device, turn on computer and immediately use the device |
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Term
| RAM is what type of memory? |
|
Definition
| most common type of volatile or temporary memory |
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Term
|
Definition
| random access memory or main memory |
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Term
|
Definition
| nonvolatile memory chips that store permanent data/instructions that usually cannot be modified "read-only" |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ROM, flash memory and CMOS are what type of memory? |
|
Definition
| nonvolatile or permanent memory |
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Term
|
Definition
| uses pipelining techniques and is much faster than SDRAM |
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Term
|
Definition
| serial-attached SCSI and is a newer faster version |
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Term
|
Definition
| a special high speed parallel port that allows you to attach peripherals like disk drives/printers |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an adapter card taht connects speakers of microphones |
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Term
|
Definition
| synchronized to the system clock and much faster than DRAM |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1099511627776 or simply 1 trillion |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| an adapter card that allows viewing of tv channels on the monitor |
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|
Term
The types of RAM from slowest/lowest capability to fastest/highest capability?
|
|
Definition
DRAM-->SDRAM-->DDR SDRAM-->DDR2
-->DDR3-->RDRAM-->SRAM-->MRAM |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| does not require additional cooling due to it's low power demands and is used in some mobile computers/devices |
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|
Term
USB / FireWire
vs
expansion slots |
|
Definition
| the buses eliminate the need to install cards by allowing the devices to connect to each other outside the system unit and then to the port |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an adapter card that connects to USB devices |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| a flash memory storage device that plugs in a USB port |
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Term
|
Definition
| a device that plugs into the USB port that contains multiple USB ports adding more ports to the system unit |
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Term
|
Definition
| can connect 127 peripherals with a single connector |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Unicode-enabled programming languages/software include: |
|
Definition
| Java, XML, Microsoft Office and Oracle |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| an adapter card that connects an analog video camera or VCR |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| an adaper card that connects to a monitor |
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|
Term
What are the 3 types of memory cache?
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|
Definition
|
|
Term
What does the digit zero represent in the binary system?
|
|
Definition
| the electronic state of off or the absence of electric charge |
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|
Term
What does the digit one represent in the binary system? |
|
Definition
| the electronic state of on or the presence of electric charge |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| one of the three basic types of RAM that consists of memory chips that must be constantly re-enegized or they lose contents there are specific types as well |
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Term
|
Definition
| a basic type of RAM that stores data using magnetic charges instead of electrical charges and retains contents when computer is turned off |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| memory chips that ban be read from/written to by the processor/other devices |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| a basic type of RAM that consists of chips that do not have to be constantly re-energized and so are faster, more reliable and more expensive than DRAM |
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|
Term
| Who are the 2 leading manufacturers of personal computer processor chips? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| allocates available storage space on removable flash memory devices as additional cache |
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Term
|
Definition
| the amount of time it takes the processor to read data, instuctions/info from memory |
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Term
|
Definition
| a circuit board that enhances functions of a component of the system unit and/or provides connections to peripherals |
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Term
|
Definition
| a temporary location in memory |
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Term
|
Definition
| used to transfer info about where data should reside in memory |
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Term
|
Definition
| usues continuous (wave form) signals varying in strength/quality like human speech |
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Term
|
Definition
| part of the processor that performs calculations on the data in memory including basic arithmetic and comparisons |
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Term
|
Definition
| include basic calculations +, -, /, x |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| an opening in the system unit where you can install additional equipment unlike a slot on motherboard which is for installing adapter cards |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| smallest unit of data a computer can process represented by the digits 0 and 1 |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| the digital communication system of the digits 0 and 1 |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| technology that uses radio waves to wirelessly transmit data between two devices up to 33feet apart |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| an analog computer channel that bits transfer along within it's circuitry and allow various devices inside/attached to the system unit to communicate with each other |
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Term
|
Definition
| the size of a bus determined by the number of bits the computer can transmit at one time ex: 32bit bus can do 4bytes at a time |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| 8 bits grouped as a unit providing enough different combos of 0's and 1's to represent 256 characters (#'s, uppercase/lowercase letters, punctuation, symbols and the Greek alphabet) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| improves the processing time of computers and there are two types memory and disk |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| or processor interprets/carries out basic instructions that operate computers it manages most of a computer's operations |
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Term
|
Definition
| the case of a system unit and is made of metal or plastic and protects the internal electronic components from damage |
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Term
|
Definition
| a small piece of semi-conducting material, usually silicon on which integrated circuits are etched |
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Term
|
Definition
| each tick or electronic pulse created by the system clock to set the pace of the components in the system unit |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| the pace of the system clock measured in ticks per second |
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|
Term
|
Definition
the pattern of 0's and 1's that represent characters
ex: the number 4 is 00110100 |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| involves comparing data to determine <, > or = |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| the joiner of a cable to a port |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| a part of the processor that interprets/executes instruction in memory it directs/coordinates most of the computer's operations |
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Term
|
Definition
| used to transfer actual data |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| the process of translating the instruction into signals the computer can execute |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| recognizes only two states: on/off just like in electricity so it makes sense it is used by electronic devices |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| an external device that attaches to a mobile computer/device, contains a power connection and provides conncetions to peripherals and usually includes slots for memory cards and optical disc drives and other devices |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a rectangular opening that usually holds disk drives |
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|
Term
| dual inline memory module |
|
Definition
| has pins on opposite sides of the circuit board that do not connect and form two sets of contacts and holds SDRAM chips |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| a common multi-core processor w/2 separate cores |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| external serial advanced technology attachment port allows you to connect external hard disk to a computer and provides up to 6x faster speeds than connecting w/ USB and FireWire |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| the process of carrying out commands |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| allows the processor to communicate w/the peripherals |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| another term for adapter card |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| a socket on the motherboard that can hold an adapter card |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| allows users to access bay openings from outside the system unit |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process of obtaining a program instruction or data item from memory |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| ROM chips w/permanent written data, instruction or info from the manufacturer |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| nonvolatile memory that can be electronically erased/rewritten (similar to EEPROM) commonly holding startup instructions on most computers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the size/shape of the desktop personal computer system unit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a device that enables you to join a port/connector that are either both female or both male |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
prefix=billion
suffix=one cycle per second
prefix + suffix = one billion ticks of the system clock per second |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| another term for video card |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| a smaller device than the heat sink that serves the same function but takes up less space |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| a small ceramic or metal component with fins on the surface taht absorb/disperse the heat produced by electrical components like the processor |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| the act of changing/removing a removable flash memory device w/out opening the system unit or restarting the computer and allows you to do so while the computer is running |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| can contain millions of microscopic pathways capable of carrying electrical current (resistors, capacitors / transistors) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| concealed entirely in the system unit for example a hard disk drive |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| used to identify audio/video ports |
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|
Term
| liquid cooling technology |
|
Definition
| a continuous flow of fluid like water/glycol in a process that transfers heated fluid away from the processor and into a radiator-type grill where it cools and is then sent back to the processor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the four basic operations a processor repeats for every instruction |
|
|
Term
| massively parallel processing |
|
Definition
| large scale with hundreds or thousands of processors like in supercomputers used for artificial intelligence and weather forecasting |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data needed by instructions and the results of processing the data |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| helps speed the processes by storing frequently used instructions/data |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a removable flash memory device usually 1.5" or smaller in height or width that is inserted/removed from a slot |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| a small circuit board where RAM chips usually reside |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| are on the motherboard and hold memory modules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the instructions programmers use to write code to a PROM chip |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the processor on a personal computer usually on a single processor chip |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one millionth of a second |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one thousandth of a second |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| main circuit board of the system unit where some electronic components attach to the board and others are built-in |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| a single chip w/ 2 or more separate processor cores |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| software written to support multiple threads and runs faster than those in nonthreaded environments |
|
|
Term
| musical instrument digital interface |
|
Definition
| the electronic music industry's standard defining how devices like sound cards/synthesizers represent sounds electronically |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one billionth of a second |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| does not lose contents when the computer is turned off |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a method using multiple processors to simultaneously execute a single program/task by using special software to divide a problem into portions for each processor and then bring the results together again |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a device that connects to the system unit/ is controlled by the processor ex: modem, dis drive, printer, scanner/keyboard |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| on trillionth of a second |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when a processor performs more than one machine cycle at a time making it faster |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the point where a peripheral attaches to or communicates w/a system unit so it can send data or receive info |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an external device that provides connections to peripherals through ports built into the device |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the system unit component that converts wall outlet AC power into DC power |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| or just core contains necessary circuitry to execute instructions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a common multi-core processor w/4 separate cores |
|
|
Term
| rambus inline memory module |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a battery-backed chip that keeps track of the date/time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small high-speed storage locations within a processor that temporarily hold data/instructions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a type of interface that connects a device to the system unit by transmitting data one bit at a time like in modems that connect systme unit to telephone line due to the need for data transmission in a specific frequency |
|
|
Term
| single inline memory module |
|
Definition
| has pins on opposite sides of the circuit board that connect to form a single set of contacts and holds SDRAM chips |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the role of memory to store both data / programs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in the machine cycle it means writing the result to memory not to a storage medium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a processor that can execute more than one instruction per clock cycle is this |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| a peripheral or a chip that creates sound from digital instructions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| another name for the motherboard |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the part of the motherboard that connects the processor to the main memory |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a small quartz crystal circuit that the processor relies on to control the timing of all operations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a case that contains electronic components of the computer used to process data |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a processor that integrates the functions of the processor, memory and a video card on a single chip |
|
|
Term
| thread(re: processor core) |
|
Definition
| a series of related instructions that can be independent or part of a larger task |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| can act as an electronic switch that opens or closes the circuit for electrical charge |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a 16-bit coding scheme that can represent 65,000+ characters/symbols it can represent almost all the worlds current/historical written languages and has 30,000 codes reserved for future expansion and 6,000 codes for private use |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| included on most of Intel's processor chips and provides the capability to track hardware/software, diagnose/resolve problems and secure from outside threats |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| loses contents when the computer is turned off |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the number of bits the processor can interpret/execute at a given time |
|
|
Term
| What are the 6 components of the system unit? |
|
Definition
| drive bay(s), power supply, sound card, video card, processor, memory |
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|
