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| Myelin=nerves and fiber tracts |
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| The most inferior part, and the most primitive. |
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| The spinal brain;merges imperceptably with the spinal cord--dividing line is arbitrary= plane of the foramen magnum. |
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| What does the Medulla oblongata consist of: |
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Definition
1.) White matter--many fiber tracts=nueron processes in bundles connecting higher centers of the brain with the spinal cord. 2.)Gray Matter: mainly isolated groups of neuron cell bodies=nuclei(not nucleus). THese are largely concerned with vegetative functions--eg. heart rate regulation, respiration reflexes, swallowing,digestion. |
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| bulges below the medulla, but part of it. Special fiber tracts carrying efferents from the brain to the spinal cord. |
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Term
Metencephalon a.Cerebellum b. Pons |
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Definition
The major, projecting from the dorsal surface. It has become much folded. Function: reflex control;smooths out and fine tunes voluntary muscle movements. B. Pons: ventral location; fiber tracts connecting the cerebellum with the rest of the brain stem, and the higher brain centers |
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B. Mesencephalon c. Cerebral Peduncles b. Corpora Quadrigemina |
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Definition
c. these are two ventral bulges, connecting the cerebral hemispheres with lower areas. b.On the dorsal surface are gour bulges consisting of: Superior calliculi: optic lobes, concerned w/vision Inferior calliculi: Auditory lobes, concerned with hearing |
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O Hungary Hippo Eat This a. Optic chiasma--ventral, origin of the optic nerve b.Hypophysis: the pituitary gland, also ventral c.Hypothalamus: just above the hypophysis, connects to it by a stalk=infundibulum.Part of brain that controls the pituitary gland. d.Epithalamus: most dorsal part; contains the pineal body. e. Thalamus-largest part, egg shaped in center; Consists mainly of a large number of nuclei(controls emotion) - All sensory pathways into the brain synapse here before going on to the berebrum; thus is the gateway to the thinking brain. |
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most dienchephalon is included in the limbic system. It has to do with vegetative processes, awareness, and especially emotions. The limbic system modifies sensory information on the way to the cerebrum. |
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| a functional system located in the midbrain and medulla, maintains cerebral awareness and arousal of the entire brain(reticular activating system), filters sensory information on the way to the thalamus and hypothalamus; regulates some motor activity. eg. coarse muscle movements and various medullary autonomic centers. |
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| olfactory bulbs, tracts and lobes--the smell brain. Large in beagles. |
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the largest part, two halves, each consisting of: a. gray matter=cerebral cortex=pallium:this is the surface layer, consisting mostly of densely packed neuron cell bodies. b. white matter-underlying myelinated fiber tracts connecting the nueron cell bodies to lower centers |
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| Basal ganglia-basal nuclei |
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Definition
consists of three striata ; sometimes called striatum complex. Numerous groups of nuclei, located deep in the white matter of the cerebral hemispheres -in 3 layers, functioning in motor control, mostly unconcious. |
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White matter, myelinated fiver tracts connecting right and left cerebral hemishpers. Function:Transfer of information from one side of brain to the other, concerned with long term memory. |
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| Surface of Cerebral Cortex |
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Definition
Gyrus: round ridges or convolutions Fissure: deep furrows between gyri Sulcus: shallow furrows |
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| Ventricles of the Brain(4) |
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Definition
2 Lateral: one on either side of cerebral hemi each separated from the other side by the septum pellucidum - Each opens into the third ventricle by canals called the interventricular foramina of Monroe. -Third--in midline of diencephalon; opens into the fourth through the cerebral aquaduct of Sylvius. -Fourth--midline of the messencephalon, and is continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord. |
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Term
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Definition
CT surrounding brain and spinal cord 1.Pia: mater-innermost, very thin, closely adhered to brain and cord surface, gives a shiny appearance. 2.Dura: msyrt--outermost, thick and strong CT 3. Arachnoid:(spiderlike) b/w the above;delicate and porous, with many spaces and openings. -between arachnoid and pia is the sub-arachnoid space containing cerebrospinal fluid, secreted by the ependymal cells in the choroid plexi in the ventricles of the brain. Function: cushion or shock absorber for the brain and spinal cord. |
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