Term
Main Idea/Summary of the Civil War |
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Definition
Main Idea of the Civil War
1. The Civil War is often called the "War Between the States" because the Northern states fought the Southern states over the issues of States' rights and slavery.
2. Southern states believed they had the right to nullify or say NO to laws they disliked and that slavery was necessary to their way of life.
3. Northern states, led by President Lincoln, disagreed, and initially fought to preserve the Union. Later the war turned to the abolition of slavery.
4. After 4 years of fighting, and hundreds of thousands of dead and wounded, including a President, the North defeated the South.
5. Three Constitutional Amendments came out of the Civil War. These amendments attempted to give African Americans rights guaranteed by the Constitution. |
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Nullification Crisis
Southern states, led by South Carolina, believed each state had a right to say NO or to nullify any laws they disagreed with.
This led to a crisis over the South refusing to pay tariffs (tax on imports) that they didn't like and the North did. |
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1861: Civil War
11 Southern states (including Texas)
secede (withdraw) from the Union (USA).
These 11 states form the Confederacy.
Civil War begins when Confederacy fires
on Ft. Sumter in South Carolina. |
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1863: Civil War
Lincoln issues the "Emancipation Proclamation",
freeing slaves in the rebelling states.
Battle of Gettysburg is the largest battle in
the western world: 50,000+ killed or wounded
in 3 days of fighting. |
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1865: Civil War
Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrenders
to Union General Ulysses S. Grant at
Appomattox Courthouse, VA, ending the war. |
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Term
Civil War Constitutional Amendments |
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Definition
Civil War Constitutional Amendments
The end of the Civil War brought the beginning of the civil rights movement with 3 amendments in the Constitution.
1. 13th Amendment (1865) - Abolished slavery
2. 14th Amendment (1866) - Gave citizenship to all Americans
3. 15th Amendment (1870) - Gave suffrage (right to vote) to former male slaves
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Battle of Gettysburg - 1863
1863: Confederate forces attacked the Pennsylvania town of Gettysburg.
The fighting lasted for 3 days leaving 50,000+ dead or wounded
before the South retreated.
Gettysburg became the largest battle to happen anywhere in the western hemisphere. President Lincoln went to Gettysburg to honor the dead - Lincoln's Gettysburg Address became the most famous speech in American history. |
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Term
Emancipation Proclamation |
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Definition
Emancipation Proclamation
Lincoln issued this 1863 proclamation that freed all
slaves living in states controlled by the Confederacy. |
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Abolitionists: Those Against Slavery
Harriet Beecher Stowe: wrote "Uncle Tom's Cabin to expose the evils of slavery
Frederick Douglass: a freed slave who traveled the nation to speak of ending slavery
Harriet Tubman: former slave who ran the "Underground Railroad" to help slaves escape |
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Compromise of 1850
Allowed California to enter the USA as a free state, but left new territories open to slavery |
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Kansas Nebraska Act
Allowed popular sovereignty
(letting the people decide) to determine
if slavery would be allowed or not
in each of the new territories |
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3/5 Compromise
Agreement reached on how slaves would be counted
in a states population. The compromise
was that each slave counted as 3/5
of a person in a states reputation. |
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