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the cell
ap bio
38
Biology
11th Grade
04/17/2011

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Term
transmission microscopes examine which part of the cell
Definition
the inside of the cell
Term
scanning electron microscopes see which part of the cell
Definition
the surface
Term
phase-contrast microscopes look at what kind of cell
Definition
living cells
Term
what makes ribosomes
Definition
nucleolous
Term
centrioles are only in...
Definition
plays a role in cell division, only in animal cells
Term
centrifuges density: what is densest, in the middle, and least dense
Definition
nucleous is most dense, mitochondira next, ribosomes are least dense
Term
how big is an average eukaryote?
Definition
9 micrometers or 80 nanometers
Term
gap junctions
Definition
in animal cells, allow direct passage of materials, cytoplasm can flow through
Term
tight junctions
Definition
prevent leakage in and out of organs
Term
plasmodesmata
Definition
gap junction in plant cells
Term
desmosomes
Definition
anchor cells together w/ cytoskeleton
Term
define: oxidation
Definition
loss of electrons and protons
Term
krebs cycle happens after what and before what
Definition
after glycolysis and before ETC
Term
krebs cycle makes what and uses what
Definition
makes NADH, FAD. uses pyruvic acid
Term
each NAD molecule make how many ATP when they are used in the ETC
Definition
3 ATP
Term
each FAP make how many ATP when it is used in ETC
Definition
2 ATP
Term
water comes from what process in cellular respiration
Definition
ETC
Term
negative feedback in glycolysis
Definition
ATP inhibits the production
Term
photorespiration
Definition
when water is used in place of CO2 in calvin cycle and no ATP or glucose is produced
Term
how many calvin cycle cycles are needed to make 1 glucose
Definition
6 cycles b/c CO2 donates 1 carbon, and glucose is a 6 carbon molecule
Term
freeze fracture/etching
Definition
way to examine cell structure
Term
how do things pass through the nuclear membrane?
Definition
pores
Term
two actions golgi appartus does
Definition
packages things and secretes them
Term
vacualoe/vesicles, what is the difference and what do they do?
Definition
they store thing, vaculoes are larger vesicles
Term
what organelle is important for apoptosis
Definition
lyosomes have the enzymes digest diseased cells
Term
chromoplasts/carteniods
Definition
colorfull pigments
Term
actin filaments are what part of cytoskeleton
Definition
microfilaments
Term
what part of cytoskeleton makes up cilia, flagella, and spindle fibers
Definition
microtubules
Term
glycocalyx
Definition
surface carbohydrates on lipid membranes that do cell-cell recognition
Term
can membrane proteins be enzymes?
Definition
yes
Term
aquaporins
Definition
transport proteins that provide a channel across the cell membrane for water
Term
what is the ligand in receptor mediated endocytosis
Definition
it is the molecule that binds to a receptor in receptor mediated endocytosis
Term
bulk flow
Definition
overall movement of liquid inside the body of something
Term
2 examples of bulk flow
Definition
blood, sap
Term
sink in bulk flow
Definition
liquid's final destination
Term
contact inhibition
Definition
cells stop dividing when it is to crowded
Term
faculative anaerobes
Definition
can live w/ O2 or w/out it
Term
prions
Definition
misfolded proteins that can enter the brain and kill an organism
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