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| encompasses the treatment of heart disease |
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| the medical specialty that encompasses the study of the various elements of the immune system and their functions |
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| vessel (usually blood or lymph) |
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| a widening, a widened blood vessel |
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| vessel; vas deferens; duct |
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| ventricle (of heart or brain) |
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| flesh (connective tissue) |
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| hardening; sclera (white of eye) |
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| separation; destruction; loosening |
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| forming, producing, origin |
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| separation; destruction; loosening |
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| involuntary contraction, twitching |
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| pertaining to, relating to |
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| localized dilation of the wall of a blood vessel, usually an artery, due to a congenital defect or weakness in the vessel wall |
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| mild to severe pain or pressure in the chest caused by ischemia; AKA angina |
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| irregularity or loss of rhythm of the heartbeat; AKA dysrhythmia |
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| irregular, random contraction of heart fibers |
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| thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of arterial walls; AKA hardening of the arteries |
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| most common form of arteriosclerosis, caused by an accumulation of fatty substances within the arterial walls, resulting in partial and, eventually, total occlusion |
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| soft blowing sound heard on auscultation caused by turbulent blood flow |
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| coronary artery disease (CAD) |
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| abnormal condition that affects the heart’s arteries and produces various pathological effects, especially reduced flow of oxygen and nutrients to the myocardium |
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| deep vein thrombosis (DVT) |
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| formation of a blood clot in a deep vein of the body, occurring most commonly in the iliac and femoral veins |
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| mass of undissolved matter -commonly a blood clot, fatty plaque, or air bubble -that travels through the bloodstream and becomes lodged in a blood vessel |
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| interference with normal conduction of electrical impulses that control activity of the heart muscle |
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| atrioventricular (AV) block in which the atrial electrical impulses are delayed by a fraction of a second before being conducted to the ventricles |
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| AV block in which occasional electrical impulses from the SA node fail to be conducted to the ventricles |
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| AV block in which electrical impulses from the atria fail to reach the ventricles; AKA complete heart block (CHB) |
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| condition in which the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the metabolic requirement of body tissues; formerly called congestive heart failure |
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| consistently elevated blood pressure that is higher than 119/79 mmHg, causing damage to the blood vessels and, ultimately, the heart |
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| inadequate supply of oxygenated blood to a body part due to an interruption of blood flow |
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| mitral valve prolapse (MVP) |
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| condition in which the leaflets of the mitral valve prolapse into the left atrium during systole, resulting in incomplete closure and backflow of blood |
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| abnormal sound heard on auscultation, caused by defects in the valves or chambers of the heart |
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| myocardial infarction (MI) |
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| necrosis of a portion of cardiac muscle caused by partial or complete occlusion of one or more coronary arteries; AKA heart attack |
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| failure of the ductus arteriosus to close after birth, resulting in an abnormal opening between the pulmonary artery and the aorta |
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| numbness in fingers or toes due to intermittent constriction of arterioles in the skin |
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| streptococcal infection that causes damage to the heart valves and heart muscle, most commonly in children and young adults |
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| damage to part of the brain due to interruption of its blood supply caused by bleeding within brain tissue or, more commonly, blockage of an artery, AKA: cerebrovascular accident (CVA) |
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| aggregation of platelets, fibrin, clotting factors, and the cellular elements of the blood attached to the interior wall of a vein or artery, sometimes occluding the lumen of the vessel; AKA: blood clot |
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| transient ischemic attack (TIA) |
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| temporary interference in the blood supply to the brain that causes no permanent brain damage |
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| swollen superficial veins that are visible through the skin and usually occur in the legs |
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| acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) |
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| deficiency of cellular immunity induced by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), characterized by increasing susceptibility to infections, malignancies, and neurological diseases |
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| malignant disease characterized by painless, progressive enlargement of lymphoid tissue (usually first evident in cervical lymph nodes), splenomegaly, and the presence of unique Reed-Sternberg cells in the lymph nodes |
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| malignancy of connective tissue, including bone, fat, muscle, and fibrous tissue |
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| inflammation and enlargement of the lymph nodes, usually as a result of infection |
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| acute infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and characterized by a sore throat, fever, fatigue, and enlarged lymph nodes |
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| any of a heterogeneous group of malignant tumors involving lymphoid tissue except for Hodgkin disease; previously called lymphosarcoma |
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| cardiac catheterization (CC) |
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| insertion of a catheter into the heart through a vein or artery, usually of an arm (brachial approach) or leg (femoral approach) to provide evaluation of the heart |
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| battery of blood tests performed to determine the presence of cardiac damage |
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| use of ultrasound to evaluate the heart and great vessels and diagnose cardiovascular lesions |
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| electrocardiography (ECG) |
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| creation and study of graphic records (electrocardiograms) produced by electric activity generated by the heart muscle; AKA: cardiography |
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| monitoring device worn by a patient that records prolonged electrocardiograph readings (usually 24 hours) on a portable tape recorder while the patient conducts normal daily activities |
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| ECG taken under controlled exercise stress conditions (typically using a treadmill) while measuring the amount of oxygen consumption |
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| ECG that utilizes a radioisotope to evaluate coronary blood flow |
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| blood test that measures protein released into the blood by damaged heart muscle (not skeletal muscle) |
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| imaging technique that records high-frequency sound waves bouncing off body tissues and uses a computer to process those waves to produce an image of an internal organ or tissue |
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| bone marrow aspiration biopsy |
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| removal of living bone marrow tissue, usually taken from the sternum or iliac crest, for microscopic examination |
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| blood test used to screen for an antibody to the AIDS virus |
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| radiographic examination of lymph glands and lymphatic vessels after an injection of a contrast medium |
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| technique used to determine the histocompatibility of tissues used in grafts and transplants with the recipient’s tissues and cells; AKA: histocompatibility testing |
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| any endovascular procedure that reopens narrowed blood vessels and restores forward blood flow, usually using balloon dilation |
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| coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) |
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| procedure in which a surgeon removes one or more of a patient’s peripheral veins and then sutures each end of the vein onto the coronary artery to route blood flow around a blockage in a coronary artery, thus increasing blood flow to the heart |
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| delivery of brief discharges of electricity that pass across the chest to stop a cardiac arrhythmia and restore normal sinus rhythm; AKA: defibrillation |
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| device designed to administer a defibrillating electric shock to restore normal sinus rhythm |
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| automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (AICD) |
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| surgically implanted defibrillator that automatically detects and corrects potentially fatal arrhythmias, such as ventricular fibrillations |
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| automatic external defibrillator (AED) |
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| portable computerized defibrillator that analyzes the patient’s heart rhythm and delivers an electrical shock to stimulate a heart in cardiac arrest |
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| surgical removal of the lining of an artery |
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| surgical removal of plaque and thromboses from an occluded carotid artery |
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| chemical injection into a varicose vein that causes inflammation and formation of fibrous tissue, which closes the vein |
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| plastic or restorative surgery on a valve, especially a cardiac valve |
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| removal of a lymph vessel |
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| drugs that reduce cholesterol levels by decreasing levels of low-density lipoproteins and triglycerides, and slightly increasing levels of high-density lipoproteins |
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| administration of drugs to dissolve a blood clot |
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