Term
Stroke is the #___ killer in the U.S. |
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Definition
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Term
| Stroke is the leading cause of _______ |
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Definition
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Term
| What types of strokes are the most common? What type is the most deadly? |
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Definition
Most Common- Cerebral stroke Most Deadly- brainstem stoke |
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Term
| What are some signs of a right hemisphere stroke? |
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Definition
Paralysis on left side of body Vision memory problems Quick, inquisitive behavior Over-estimate abilities Short-term memory loss |
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Term
| What are some signs of a left Hemisphere stroke? |
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Definition
Paralysis on right side of body Verbal memory Speech problems Hesitant, cautious behavior Disorganized when faced with novel problem Short term memory loss |
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Term
| Where is the primary sensory cortex? |
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Definition
| in the postcentral gyrus! |
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Term
| What happens with damage to the postcentral gyrus? |
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Definition
Loss of tactile and proprioception senses. -Also some pain localization and sharpness |
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Term
| What are the functions of the secondary and association areas of the brain? |
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Definition
Secondary processes somatic and visual Assocation processes tactile and visual Both are involved with sequencing and ordering performance of tasks. |
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Term
How are high functions like analytical thinking, spatial orientation, art and music abilites distributed throughout the brain? |
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Definition
| They are centered in one hemisphere OR the other |
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Term
| How do you determine which hemisphere is dominant? |
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Definition
It is the hemisphere that has language and comprehension for that individual. FYI: 90% of Right handers have a dominant left 50% of Left handers have a dominant left |
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Term
| What area of the brain MAKES or GENERATES speech? |
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Definition
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Term
| What area deals with comprehending and formulating speech? |
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Definition
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Term
How and where are Broca's area and Wenicke's area attached? |
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Definition
| They are attached via assocation fibers in the parietal operculum. |
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Term
| What happens when there is damage to Broca's area? |
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Definition
Called expressive or motor aphasia -nonfluent -Slow output of words, poor articulation, short sentences |
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Term
| What happens with damage to Wenicke's Area? |
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Definition
Called receptive or sensory aphasia -Fluent -Use of words is defective (Gibberish) |
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Term
| What happens when there is damame to the intervening area btwn Broca's and Wenicke's area? |
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Definition
It is called conduction aphasia Similary to receptive aphasia (damaged Wernicke's) but comprehension is still intact! |
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Term
| Describe neglect syndrome |
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Definition
Inability to percieve things on the contralateral side of the damage. The object is there, pt can see it, but they do not perceive its existence. |
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Term
| What are some cardinal signs of damage to the prefrontal lobe of the brain? |
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Definition
Apathy FYI: Typical area for a silent stroke -drastic, inexplicable, behavior changes |
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Term
| What are some functions of the prefrontal cortex? |
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Definition
inhibition planning time perception internal ordering working memory self monitoring verbal regulation motivation regulation of emotion |
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Term
| What areas of the brain organize sensory inputs and plan movements before sending signals to the primary motor area? |
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Definition
| The premotor and supplemental areas |
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Term
| What is the function of the basal ganglia, what occurs if this area is injured? |
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Definition
This area is instrumental in initiating voluntary movements. Abnormalities result in movement disorders -Tremors |
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Term
| What is the function of the cerebellum and what occurs if damaged? |
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Definition
Important in smoothing out movements If damaged: Ataxia- abnormalities in timing, range, force, speed, etc. Must keep adjusting movement Tremor |
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Term
| What is the function of the hippocampus and what occurs with injury? |
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Definition
Hippocampus is a region of the limbic system. It is important in memory of events, objects, words and is important in learning or forming new memories. Can form a cognitive map of surroundings Korsakoff syndrome- lose ability to form new memories |
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Term
| What brain area is associated with homeostasis, keeping you alive, and reproduction? |
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Definition
hypothalamus Functions self-preservation & reproduction Coordinates reflexes involving autonomics control infuenced by peripheral ANS and endocrine |
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Term
| Where is the respiratory center (RC) located? How about the LMN for respiration? |
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Definition
RC is located in the medulla -Receives input from solitray nucleus LMN are in the ventral horn of spinal cord |
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Term
| What happens to respiration if there is injury to the reticular formation? |
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Definition
hyperventilation cluster breathing ataxic breathing respiratory arrest |
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Term
| What happens if there is damage to the Ascending Reticular Activating System (ARAS) |
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Definition
Coma -no stimuli to awaken the cerebral cortex |
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