The American Revolution

 The American Revolution was a political upheaval that took place between 1765 and 1783. 

The war between the American colonies and Great Britain (1775-1783), leading to the formation of the independent United States.

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Bastille

The Bastille was a fortress in Paris, known formally as the Bastille Saint-Antoine.

midieval fortress used as a prison; french angry mob broke into it and killed the guards, releasing the prisoners, but found no weapons.

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Boston Massacre

The Boston Massacre was a street fight that occurred on March 5, 1770.

British army soldiers open fired on a protesting crowd, killing 5 civilian men (March 5, 1770).

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Boston Tea Party

The Boston Tea Party was a political protest by the Sons of Liberty in Boston.

A political protest against the tax policy of the British government that controlled all the tea imported into the colonies (Dec. 1773).

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Bourgeoisie

Bourgeoisie people had to pay taxes.

the middle class; part of the Third Estate.

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Checks and Balances

The system of checks and balances is used to keep the government from getting too powerful in one branch.

from Montesquieu, a fundamental democratic principle of American government which ensures that one branch does not accumulate too much power.

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Declaration of Independence

The Declaration of Independence is the statement adopted by the Second Continental Congress meeting at the Pennsylvania State House.

An act of the Second Continental Congress, adopted on July 4, 1776, which declared that the Thirteen Colonies in North America were "Free and Independent States" and that "all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain, is and ought to be totally dissolved."

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Estate-General

In France under the Old Regime, the Estates General or States-General was a legislative and consultative assembly

the legislative body consisting of representatives of the three estates.

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Executive

The executive is the organ exercising authority in and holding responsibility for the governance of a state. The executive executes and enforces law.

the part of a government that makes sure decisions and laws work well.

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Federal Republic

A federal republic is a federation of states with a republican form of government.

Created in the U.S. Constitution, it divides the power between the federal (or national) government and the states.

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French Revolution

French Revolution is also called Revolution of 1789.

the anticlerical (anti-power of the clergy) and republican revolution in France from 1789 until 1799, when Napoleon seized power.

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Judicial

This is the official website of the State of Connecticut Judicial Branch.

relating to the law, judges, or their decisions.

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Judicial Review

Judicial review is a process under which executive and (in some countries) legislative actions are subject to review by the judiciary.

Power of courts to review decisions of another department or level of government.

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Legislature

the legislative body of a country or state.

an institution that has the power to make or change laws.

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Limited Power

Limited power is generally taken to be the opposite of absolute (or unlimited) power. 

a type of government in which its functions and powers are prescribed, limited, and restricted by law.

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Louis XVI

Louis XVI born Louis-Auguste, also known as Louis Capet, was King of France from 1774

well-meaning but weak and indecisive French ruler who inherited the throne deeply in debt; summoned the Estates-General together for the first time in 175 yrs, where citizens aired grievances and ultimately created the National Assembly.

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National Assembly

The National Assembly is the lower house of the bicameral Parliament of France under the Fifth Republic.

created by the disgruntled delegates of the french Third Estate, joined by reform-minded clergy and nobles.

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Popular sovereignty

Popular sovereignty was the political doctrine that the people who lived in a region should determine for themselves the nature of their government.

all government power comes from the people.

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Separation of Powers

Separation of powers is a political doctrine originating in the writings of Montesquieu in The Spirit of the Laws where he urged for a constitutional government with three separate branches of government.

division of governmental authority among the three branches of government: executive, legislative, and judicial branch. The US Constitution uses this principle in setting up the presidency, the Congress, and the courts. 

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Stamp Act

The Stamp Act was passed by the British Parliament on March 22, 1765.

a law passed by the British Parliament requiring all publications and legal and commercial documents in the American colonies to bear a tax stamp (1765).

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Tennis Court Oath

On this day in History, Third Estate makes Tennis Court Oath on Jun 20, 1789.

when the new National Assembly was locked out of their meeting hall, they assembled in a nearby tennis court, where they swore to meet until a Constitution was established.

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Treaty of Paris

The Treaty of Paris of 1783, negotiated between the United States and Great Britain, ended the revolutionary war and recognized American independence

American, French, and British diplomats signed this treaty that ended the Revolutionary war and Britain recognized the independence of the United States of America (1783).

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U.S. Constitution

The United States Constitution is the supreme law of the United States of America.

document that replaced the Articles of Confederation, defined the system of government in the newly established America and contains additional amendments when ratified (1787).

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Yorktown, Virginia

Yorktown is a census-designated place in York County, Virginia, United States

Where G. Washington forces the surrender of the British army, thereby ending the American Revolutionary war (1781)

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