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John D. Rockefeller, owner
dominated 90% of the oil industry-drove
other oil companies out of business -
Standard oil lowere oil prices and when they owned all the other oil companies they raised their prices
gained control over oil pipelines and the railroad
got rid of competition by buyouts |
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Andrew Carnegie, owner
dominated steel industry
rewarded good workers
fired bad workers
slashed prices |
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| a group of workers who came together for a cause, like higher wages and better working conditions |
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| How unions made their voices and demands heard-they usually protested |
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| a union that all workers could join |
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| AFL American Federation of Labor- |
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| union of white, men, skilled workers only |
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| a government policy of hands off big business |
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| when one company dominates an entire industry, like standard oil |
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| investigative journalist who exposed bad things about industry |
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| muckracker who exposed standard oil |
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muckracker-investigared bad practices in the meat packing industry-result
the beginning of food inspection laws |
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| the change from making things by hand to making things in factories by machines |
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| called the Island of Tears because families left their homes and were often sent back to their countries for health reasons. The inspections were uncomfortable for the immigrants.The trip across the Atlantic was difficult. |
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| Journey across the Atlantic for immigrants |
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disease on ship
crowed
few bathrooms
watery soup |
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disease
poverty'religious persecution
wealth |
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| Living conditions in America |
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tenements-
crowded, dirty small
outside toilets
rats
bad, stale rotten food
60% babies died in first year of life |
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| key factors in industrial growth |
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lots of natural resources to use
improved transportation
farmers could sell their products to people in towns in East
people moved from farms to city for jobs |
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| turned iron into steel-through heat |
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used for railroads
used for skyscapers
used for bridges to make them stronger |
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| Book written by Upton Sihclair about evils of meatpacking industry |
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| unsafe, long hours, few breaks low salary |
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| invented typewriter keyboard |
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| environment and national parks |
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| eding politial corruption and fought for fair taxes |
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| fought for environment and breaking up trusts |
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| when local groups control the voting |
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| areas of a city domintated by a particular culture, like little Italy or Chinatown |
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