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Textiles Vocabulary Exam 1
Textiles exam 1 Texas State University
101
Other
Undergraduate 2
02/04/2014

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Term
Abrasion Resistance
Definition
ability of a fiber to resist damage from rubbing/surface contact
Term
Absorbency
Definition
percentage of moisture that a dry fiber will absorb from the air
Term
Aesthetics
Definition
the attractiveness or appearance of a textile product
Term
Aging Resistance
Definition
resistance to harmful changes over time
Term
Appearance Retention
Definition
addresses the ability of a product to maintain its original appearance during use and care, as it ages
Term
care
Definition
the treatment and storage condition's that maintains a textile product's original appearance/condition
Term
Chemical Reactivity
Definition
affect of acids, alkalis, oxidizing agents, solvents, etc
Term
Comfort
Definition
addresses how textiles affect heat, air, and moisture transfer, and the body's interaction with the textile
Term
Cost
Definition
the amount paid to produce, acquire, use, maintain, and dispose of a prouct
Term
cover
Definition
ability to conceal or protect
Term
cradle-to-cradle
Definition
an environmentally design framework that examines the impact of the production, use, care, disposal, and recycle potential of products from economic, industrial, and social perspectives
Term
denier
Definition
the weights in grams of 9,000 meters of fiber/yarn
Term
density
Definition
measure of fiber weight ---weight in grams per cubic centimeter
Term
dimensional stability
Definition
ability to retain size and shape through use and care
Term
drape
Definition
manner in which a fabric falls over a 3-D form
Term
durability
Definition
how a textile product withstands use; duration of time the product is suitable for its intended use
Term
elastic recovery
Definition
ability to return to the original shape after elongaton
Term
electrical conductivity
Definition
ability to transfer electrical charges
Term
elongation
Definition
ability to be stretched w/o breaking
Term
fabric crimps
Definition
the bends in yarns resulting from weaving/knitting
Term
fiber chemistry
Definition
the major compound that makes up a fiber
Term
fiber crimp
Definition
the waves, bends, twists, coils, or curls along a fiber
Term
filament fibers
Definition
long fibers measure in miles or km
Term
flammability
Definition
reaction to heat and manner of burning
Term
flexibility
Definition
ability to bend repeatedly w/o breaking
Term
hand
Definition
the way a fiber feels, a tactile sensation; silky, harsh, soft, crisp, dry, etc
Term
heat conductivity
Definition
ability to transfer heat
Term
heat retention
Definition
ability to retain hear or insulate
Term
heat sensitivity
Definition
a fiber's reaction to heat in which if softens, melts, and shrinks when exposed to high temps
Term
hydrophilic
Definition
a fiber with low absorbency
Term
hydrophobic
Definition
a fiber with good absorbency
Term
insect resistance
Definition
resistance to insect damage
Term
life cycle assessment
Definition
an examination of the way the production, use, care, and disposal of a product affects the environment/people
Term
light resistance
Definition
ability to withstand degradation from natural/artificial light
Term
loft
Definition
ability to spring back to original thickness after being compressed or crushed
Term
luster
Definition
light reflected from a surface
Term
manufactured fibers
Definition
fibers made into fiber form from chemical compounds produced in manufacturing faciltiies
Term
mildew resistance
Definition
resistance to the growth of mold, mildew, or fungus
Term
monofilament
Definition
a single filament fiber
Term
multifilament
Definition
several filament fibers grouped together
Term
natural fibers
Definition
fibers that occur in natural in fiber form
Term
oleophilic
Definition
a fiber with strong attraction for oil
Term
performance
Definition
a textile's response to use in terms of physical/environmental factors
Term
Pilling
Definition
formation of balls of fiber on fabric surfaces
Term
resiliency
Definition
ability to return to original shape after bending, twisting, or crushing
Term
safety
Definition
textile's ability to protect the body from harm
Term
servicability
Definition
measure of a textile product's ability to meet consumers' needs
Term
shrinkage resistance
Definition
ability to retain original dimensions during cleaning
Term
smooth filament fibers
Definition
filament fibers that are straight with no crimp
Term
staple fibers
Definition
short fibers measured in inches/cm
Term
strength
Definition
ability to withstand a pulling force
Term
sustainability
Definition
practices that reduce environmental pollution and don't exploit people/natural resources in meeting the lifestyle needs of the present w/o compromising the future
Term
tex
Definition
weight in grams of 1000m of fiber/yarn
Term
texture
Definition
nature of a fiber/fabric surface
Term
textured filament fibers
Definition
filament fibers that have been crimped in some way
Term
wicking
Definition
ability of a fiber to transfer moisture along its surface
Term
Alpaca
Definition
fiber produced by the alpaca animal
Term
Angora
Definition
fiber of the Angora rabbit
Term
Bast fiber
Definition
a fiber that grows in the stem and root of a plant
Term
cashmere
Definition
fiber produced by the cashmere goat
Term
cellulose
Definition
a complex sugar molecule that makes up cellulosic fiber
Term
cellulosic fibers
Definition
fibers made from cellulose
Term
conventional cotton
Definition
cotton grown and processed using modern techniques and processing chemicals
Term
convolutions
Definition
cotton fiber's characteristic ribbon-like twists
Term
cotton
Definition
a commonly used seed fiber from the cotton plant
Term
cottonize
Definition
to cut a fiber into short lengths for processing on equipment designed for cotton
Term
dupioni silk
Definition
silk that develops when two silkworms spin 1 cocoon together
Term
egyptian cotton
Definition
a type of extra-long staple cotton fiber
Term
felting
Definition
a unique interlocking property of wool fibers related to its surface scales
Term
flax
Definition
the fiber removed from its flax plant
Term
green cotton
Definition
cotton fabric that has been washed with mild, natural-based soap, but hasn't been bleached/treated with other chemicals
Term
hemp
Definition
a bast fiber produced from the hemp plant
Term
hygroscopic
Definition
fibers that absorb moisture w/o feeling wet
Term
lamb's wool
Definition
a fine and soft wool from animals less than 7months
Term
leaf fiber
Definition
a fiber that is removed from the veins or rib's of a plant's leaf
Term
line
Definition
long combed flax fibers
Term
linen
Definition
yarn, fabric, and textile products made from flax fibers
Term
llama
Definition
fiber produced by the llama
Term
mohair
Definition
fiber removed from Angora goat
Term
momme
Definition
the weight of silk fabric; 1 momme is 3.75g
Term
naturally colored cotton
Definition
cotton fibers that are grown in a color other than off-white/beige
Term
natural animal fibers
Definition
fibers produced by animal/insects that are made of complex natural chemicals
Term
natural bicomponent fiber
Definition
the cortex of wool contains 2 cell types that react differently to moisture/temp
Term
natural plant fibers
Definition
fibers naturally produced plants
Term
organic cotton
Definition
cotton that meets state-certified standards for land where organic farming practices have been used for at least 3 years
Term
pima cotton
Definition
a type of extra long-staple cotton fiber
Term
ramie
Definition
a bast fiber produced by the ramie plant
Term
recycled wool
Definition
fabric made from scraps of new woven or felted fabrics
Term
scales
Definition
the dense outer layer of most wool fibers
Term
sea island cotton
Definition
a type of extra long-staple cotton fiber
Term
seed fiber
Definition
a fiber that grows within a pod or boll from developing seeds
Term
sericin
Definition
a water-soluble protective gum covering the silk fiber when it's produced by the silk moth larvae
Term
sericuture
Definition
the production of cultivated silk
Term
silk
Definition
fiber produced by the larvae of the silk moth
Term
supima cotton
Definition
a type of extra long-staple cotton fiber
Term
tow
Definition
short flax fibers
Term
transition cotton
Definition
cotton produced on land where organic farming is practiced, but for less than the 3-year minimum
Term
Tussah silk
Definition
a common type of wild silk
Term
virgin wool
Definition
wool never before processed
Term
wild silk
Definition
silk produced by silk moth in the wild
Term
wool
Definition
a natural animal fiber produced by sheep, goats, camel, alpaca, llama, etc
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