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| the process by which we teach and learn our political knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, values, and habits of behavior. basic agents are family, school, churches, and the media |
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| one of the basis for party conflicts. system of beliefs and values about the nature of the good life and the good society, about the relationship of govt and the economy, about moral values and the way they should be achieved, and about how govt is to conduct itself. two dominant ones are liberalism and conservatism |
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| temporary party organization |
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| geared to capture power. focused on spring primary and fall general election. chooses attractive candidates and mobilizes voters to support them. |
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describes an environment in which transactions between private parties are free from state intervention, including restrictive regulations, taxes, tariffs and enforced monopolies.
The phrase laissez-faire is French and literally means "let do", but it broadly implies "let it be", or "leave it alone." |
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| permanent party organization |
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| consists of little more than a skeleton force of people who conduct the routine, but essential business of the party. Requires alot of people and alot of activity |
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| suspicious of the workings of unregulated markets and place more faith in the ability of government to direct economic activity. they are apt to blame market failure and suggest govt activity as the solution to economic problems. |
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| something of value or some personal characteristic that people share and that is affected by govt activity-their investments, their race, jobs, hobbies, etc. |
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| first true political party of mexican americans. means the united race. |
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| State executive committee |
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| the highest permanent body in the state party. elected by the state convention. stages the state convention, certifying the partys candidates, and coodinates a general party campaign over and above the efforts made by each individual candidate |
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| usually recommend policies that depend on govt being active in economic affairs, especially on behalf of those who have less wealth and power. oppose govt activity in personal life. lots of hispanics. |
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| ex: the know nothing party, or the populist party. |
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| expressed wide discontent amoung farmers and other "little people" advocated an extensive program of govt regulation of big business and economic policy reform. |
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| democratic party "dream team" |
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| elected as the first and third President of the Republic of Texas, US Senator for Texas after it joined the United States, and finally as governor of the state. He refused to swear loyalty to the Confederacy when Texas seceded from the Union, and resigned as governor.[2] To avoid bloodshed, he refused an offer of a Union army to put down the Confederate rebellion. Instead, he retired to Huntsville, Texas, where he died before the end of the Civil War. |
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| was the first Republican United States senator from Texas since Reconstruction. |
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| Clements was the first Republican to have served as governor of the U.S. state of Texas since Reconstruction. |
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| laissex faire meaning leave it alone. allow free markets, not government to regulate the economy. use pseudo laissez faire, in that they claim to cherish free markets but actually endorse policies that deeply involve govt in helping business to overcome problems in the marketplace. |
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| put together by parties to group interests to attract blocs of voters and campaign contributions. |
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| a change in the partisan identification of its citizens. |
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| county executive committee |
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| in the permanent org. the two precinct chairs form this.responsible for conducting the party primary elections and conducting the county convention. |
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| someone who votes in the primary.lowest ranking permanent party official. two year term. expected to be the party leader at the precinct level, recruiting candidates, arranging for the precint convention, getting out the vote, and in general, beating the drum for the party. |
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| representatives of habits of thought and behavior that survive from when texas was part of the old south. traditionalist culture very conservative on social issues, but inconsistent on economic issues. |
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| the only organizations capable of holding together many fractious interests so that governing is possible |
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| what are the types of interest that generally support the two major parties |
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| liberalism and conservatism |
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| what is the historical development of political parties in Texas. Who dominated Texas politics in the early Republic? After the Civil War? Currently? |
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| before joining the union, texas had no political parties. then most texans were democrats bc they were pro slavery.after the civil war reconstruction it was a solid democrat state until 1970. now we are republican. |
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| What are the functions of political parties? What is the basic purpose of them? |
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| to win elections and gain the opportunity to exercise control over public policy.involving ordinary people in the political process, especially persuading them to vote and teaching them the formal and informal rules of the game. recruiting political leaders and persuading them to restrain their individual ambitions so that the party can achieve its collective purposes. communicating to the leaders the interests of individuals and groups. adding factual info and persuasive argument to the public discussion of policy alternatives. structuring the nature of political conflict and debate, including screening out the demands of certain people and groups (usualy fringe individuals or groups of very small minorities) moderating differences between groups both within the party and in the larger society. |
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| What are the Texas Political Party Platforms? |
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| abortion, affirmative action,capital punishment,childcare,church and state,environment,evolution,guns,hate crimes, health care,homosexual marriage,labor unions,minimum wage,public school vouchers,state parks, transportation,welfare |
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| What is the purpose of political precinct and sate conventions? |
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| it certifies the secretary of state the party nominees for the general election in novemer. it writes the party platform. it selects the members of the sec. it names the texas committeeman and committeewoman to the national party committee. during presidential years, it selections the at large delegates to the national party convention(who are not committees to supporting any particular candidate, as opposed to the pledged delegates who are sworn to support specify candidates and whose identity depends on the support candidates received in the march primary election) |
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| What is the two parties, three faction political landscape? |
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Definition
| each party has groups of citizens who differ on some important issues from other groups within the same party. |
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| What is the geographic, socioeconomic, and ethnic distribution of Republicans and Democrats? |
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| republicans are weak where there is alot of mexican americans, like along the rio grande. republicans popular amoung anglo middle and upper classes, business and professional people, and white collar workers. |
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| Voter registration process |
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| distinguishes qualified voters from those who are ineligible because of immaturity, lack of citizenship, mental incapacity, or other reasons. |
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| discouraged many mexican americans and poor whites from voting. |
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| federal law intended to broaden the base of financial support and minimize the dependence of candidates on large donations from a few contributors. |
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| federal election campaign act of 1972 |
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Definition
| applies only to campaigns for federal offices- president, vice president, and members of congress. it establishes a federal election commission, requires candidates to make periodic reports of contributions and expenses, and places certain limits on contributions. |
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| texas campaign reporting and disclosure act of 1973 |
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| appears to strengthen the election code in several areas where previously it was deficient. every candidate for politcal office and every politcal committee within the state must appoint a campaign treasurer before accepting contibutions or make expenditures. contributions exceeding $500 by out of state political committees can be made only if the names of the contributors of $100 of more are disclosed. Detailed financial reports are required of candidates and managers of campaign committees. they must include a list of all contributions and expenditures over $50. violators fae both civil action and criminal penalties. |
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| choose state and national executives and legislators and state judges. responsibility of the state |
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| election held within a party to nominate candidates for the general election or to choose delegates to a presidential nomination convention. reason parties are so weak. |
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| any registered voter may participate in the primary |
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| only registered members of a party may participate in that partys primary. |
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| technically closed. but anyone can vote as long as they havent voted in another party primary that year. |
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| contributed directly to a candidate of a political party. It is regulated by law in both source and amount, and monitored by the Federal Election Commission. |
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| prohibits both Congress and the states from conditioning the right to vote in federal elections on payment of a poll tax or other types of tax. The amendment was proposed by Congress to the states on August 27, 1962, and was ratified by the states on January 23, 1964. |
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Term
| publicly funded campaigns |
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| govt gives the parties tax money to cover part of the expenses of campaigning |
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| privately funded campaigns |
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| candidates and parties must persuade private citizens to give them money for campaigning |
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| designed to regulate and moderate the impact of private wealth on public policy in campaigns and at other levels of texas politics. created an ethic commission that could hold the hearings on public complaints, levy fines, and report severe violations to the travis county district attorney for possible prosecution. |
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| extended the right of free speech to political action committees for party building at the national level. ruled that limits on amount of money individuals could contribute to their own campaigns were a violation of free speech. |
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| right of african americans to vote |
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| called at the state level to fill vacancies in confess or in the state legislature or to vote on proposed constitutional amendments. low voter turnout |
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| contributed to the political party as a whole. Historically, "soft money" referred to contributions made to political parties for purposes of party building and other activities not directly related to the election of specific candidates. Because these contributions were not used for specific candidate advocacy, they were not regulated by the Federal Election Campaign Act, as interpreted by the Supreme Court in Buckley v. Valeo. |
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| head of the United States Department of State, concerned with foreign affairs. The Secretary is a member of the Cabinet and the highest-ranking cabinet secretary both in line of succession and order of precedence. |
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| registration law violated this. |
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| voting 2 weeks before the primary bc of a planned vacation or illness |
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| the period of time before the voting day in which the candidates attempt to persuade potential voters to support them |
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| Why do people vote and what is the importance of voting? |
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| reason, loyalty, ideological fervor, custom,and habit. important to self development, decreases alienation and opposition by making people feel apart of the system. helps prevent corruption |
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| How has suffrage expanded? Where has the initiative for changes in voting policy come from? National or State? |
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| democratic reform movements expanded it.national movement. |
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| What are some of the voter registration requirements in Texas? How does Texas voter turnout compare to the national average? |
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| be a us citizen, 18 yrs old. be a resident of the state and county for 30 days, be a resident of the election precinct on election day. have registered to vote 30 day before election day. not be a convicted felon, or if convicted have finished serving ones sentence. |
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| What are the percentages of voting-age population in National elections 1972-2000? How does it compare to the National average? |
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| 45-53% in texas. nationally 55-61% |
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| Identify the reasons for low voter turnout in Texas |
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| poor state with uneven distribution of wealth. poor and less educated dont vote. |
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| what are the consequences of nonvoting? |
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| minorities usually have liberal views but when they dont vote, conservatives dominate. |
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| What is the importance of election campaigns? What resources are most important in campaigns? |
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| What is the importance of campaign money and where does it come from? |
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| most important.politicians need money to publicize their candadacies, esp over television. comes from public and private funded campaigns. usually wealthy donors who rep some sort of special interest. |
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| What were the effects of negative campaigning |
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| personal attacks on candidates by their opponents, generally in tv spots. corrosive effect on democracy. some elections are decided on the basis of inaccurate or irrelevant charges. discussions of public policy and how to solve national or state problems are shunted aside in everyones eagerness to throw mud. many good people may decide not to enter political life so that they can avoid becoming the targets of public attack. disheartens citizens and make them more likely to not vote |
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| What are primary elections? What are the different types of primary elections? What type of primary election does Texas have? When is the Texas Primary held? What is the Super Tuesday Primary. |
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| blanket, open, closed. techinically texas has a closed.held in may. super tuesday is the 2ns tuesday in march in even numbered years. |
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| Be familiar with public elections. When are elections held? Who administers primary elections? |
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| only political activity in which large numbers of texans are likely to participate. primary, general, and special. |
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| Who is the principal election officer for the state? |
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| local point of the state govt. regular legislative sessions occur every other year. |
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| redrawing of electoral lines |
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| a body empowered to create or amend a constitution |
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| legislative bodies traditionally serve as executive bodies by supervising state administration. exercised thru the stanging committees of each house which hold hearings and request state agency administrators to testify and answer questions about their programs rules and expenditures. |
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| for a legislative body, divided into two chambers of houses |
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| 140 calendar days beginning on second tuesday in january. |
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| designated geographic area from which only one representative is elected |
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| in a legislative body, the amount of time spent in a continuous service in one house or committee. |
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| the proportion of the legislature that consists of first term members bc previous members retired, died, or were defeated at the polls |
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| high officer of state, whose precise role and rank vary by jurisdiction, but is often the deputy or lieutenant to or ranking under a governor — a "second-in-command". |
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| established by the rules of the two house as permanent committees. deal with public policy |
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| formed for the purpose of arriving at acceptable compromises on bills that have passed both houses but in different forms. |
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| major step toward providing research and technical services to texas legislators. never been adequately funded to provide full time bill drafting and research services, its small staff receives more requests for info than it can handle. |
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| the oversight function of the legislature was strengthened |
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| to relocate legislative seats by adding seats to areas with heavy population growth and taking away seats without growth |
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| turning them over to private businesses or individuals. |
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| troubleshooting or problem solving on behalf of a constituent. stems directly from the formal function of representation. |
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| legislative redistricting board |
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| composed of the lieutenant governor, speaker of the house, attorney general, comptroller, and land commissioner, was created by constitutional amendment in 1951, at least in part to provide legislators with an incentive to redistrict after each federal decennial census. |
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| drawing district lines in such a way as to give one faction or one party and advantage. |
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| period when the body convenes outside of the normal legislative session. This most frequently occurs in order to complete unfinished tasks for the year (often delayed by conflict between political parties), such as outlining the government's budget for the next fiscal year, biennium, or other period. Special sessions may also be called during an economic downturn in order to cut the budget. In other cases, a special session may be convened to address special topics, or emergencies such as war or natural disaster. |
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| age, residency, us citizenship, voting status. senate must be 26 yrs old, qualified voters for 5 years, and residents of the senatorial districts for one year. house must be 21, qualified voters, and residents of state for 2 years, residents of district for one year |
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| $7200 each year 157 dollars a day. |
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| elected member of the house who is formally chosen as speaker by a majority vote of the house membership at the opening of the legislative session |
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| for the time being. honorific. presides with l. gov is absent or vacant. |
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| subdivisions of standing committees. consider specialized ares of their standing committees to general jurisdiction. |
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| temporary. appointed to consider specific issues or problems, they resemble special and select committees in the us congress. ex: conference committees |
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| texas legislative budget board |
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| egislative service agency solely dedicated to fiscal analysis and policy to members of the Texas Legislature. |
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| Reapportionment/ Redistricting, Constituent/Amendment Function, etc.) |
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Be able to describe in detail the structure of the Texas Legislature. (Bicameralism,
Size, Elections, Terms, etc.) |
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Definition
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| Know the membership characteristics of the Texas legislature. (Formal Qualifications, Personal Characteristics, and experience and turnover. |
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| middle aged, white, male protestant lawyers or businessmen who are married, have college educations, belong to civic orgs, have money,and support the media.nist are in their 50s. senority important.20-25% turnover |
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| Recognize the internal organization of the legislature. (Presiding Officers, legislative staff, etc.) |
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Definition
| lie gov and speaker of house are presiding officers. |
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| Know the different legislative staff responsibilities. |
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Definition
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| Be familiar with the general criticism and suggested reforms for the Texas legislature. |
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| little salaries. suggested reforms are sessions, size and salaries, and terms |
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| Know the mechanics and history of legislative districts. |
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