Term
| What are the basic units of structure and function in an organism? (give examples) |
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Definition
cells.
(skin cells, muscle cells, fat cells) |
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Term
what are groups of similar cells that play one or more specific roles? (What are they celled?)
give examples. |
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Definition
Tissues.
muscle, nerve, epithelial, and connective |
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Term
| define an organ system (give examples of organ systems) |
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Definition
| a group of related organs that act together |
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Term
What does the lymphatic system do?
What is it's structure? |
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Definition
protects from disease
collects fluid lost from blood vessels
contains the thymus, spleen, white blood cells, and lymphnodes |
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Term
CLREMINDERS.
Name all the human organ systems |
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Definition
c - circulatory system
l - lymphatic system
r - respiratory system
e - endocrine system
m - muscular system
i - integumentary system
n - nervous system
d - digestive system
e - endocrine system
r - reproductive system
s - skeletal system |
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Term
What does the circulatory system do?
What is its structure? |
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Definition
brings oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells
fights infection
regulates body temperature
contains the heart, blood vessels, and blood |
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Term
What does the skeletal system do?
What is its structure? |
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Definition
supports the body
protects internal organs
allows movement (with muscles)
stores minerals
makes blood cells
contains bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons |
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Term
What does the digestive system do?
What is its structure? |
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Definition
converts food into small molecules cells can use
absorbs food nutrients
contains mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine |
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Term
What does the reproductive system do?
What is its structure? |
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Definition
produces reproductive cells to make babies!
In females: nurtures and protects developing embryo
in males: penis, testes, urethra
in females: vagina, ovaries, uterus, fallopian tubes |
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Term
What does the excretory/urinary system do?
What is its structure? |
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Definition
eliminates waste products from metabolism
filters bad stuff from the blood
contains skin, lungs, kidneys, urinary bladder |
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Term
what does the muscular system do?
What is its structure? |
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Definition
enables movement (with bones)
circulates blood and moves food through digestive system
contains skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle |
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Term
What does the respiratory system do?
What is its structure? |
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Definition
provides cells with oxygen and takes away nasty carbon dioxide
contains nose, mouth, trachea, lungs |
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Term
What does the nervous system do?
What is its structure? |
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Definition
coordinates the body's response to internal and external charges in the environment (thinking, feeling)
contains brain, spinal chord, and nerves |
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Term
What does the endocrine system do?
What is its structure? |
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Definition
controls growth, development, metabolism, and reproduction
contains hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries and testes |
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Term
What does the integumentary system do?
what is its structure? |
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Definition
protection against infection/injury
regulates body temperature
protection from U.V. rays
contains skin, hair, nails, and sweat glands. |
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Term
| The Brain - (main organ system, location, physical description, function) |
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Definition
system: nervous
location: inside your skull
physical description: pale grey, the size of a small cauliflower and wrinkly
function; to control your body, thought, and feeling |
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Term
| The heart - (main organ system, location, physical description, function) |
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Definition
system: circulatory
location: between your lungs
physical description: grapefruit sized and cone shaped
function: to pump oxygen-rich blood throughout your body and oxygen-poor blood into your lungs |
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Term
| The bladder - (main organ system, location, physical description, function) |
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Definition
system: urinary
location: behind your pelvic bone
physical description: collapsible, hollow, muscular sac
function: storing urine |
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Term
| Kidneys - (main organ system, location, physical description, function) |
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Definition
system: urinary
location: at the bottom of your ribcage and towards the back of your body
physical description: fist sized, dark red and kidney bean-shaped.
function: to make urine from waste products and excess water found in blood |
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Term
| The small intestine - (main organ system, location, physical description, function) |
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Definition
system: digestive
location: abdomen
physical description: a five meter long narrow tube that hangs in sausage-like coils
function: chemical digestion of food and absorption of nutrients into your blood |
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Term
| The large intestine - (main organ system, location, physical description, function) |
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Definition
system: digestive
location: surrounding your small intestine
physical description: 1.5 meter-long tube
function: to convert food waste products into feces |
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Term
| Appendix - (main organ system, location, physical description, function) |
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Definition
system: digestive
location: attached to the first part of your large intestine
physical description: a narrow, muscular, worm-like pouch usually around nine centimeters long
function: unknown |
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Term
| The Liver - (main organ system, location, physical description, function) |
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Definition
system: digestive
location: under your diaphragm, more to the right side of your body
physical description: dark red, wedge shaped, spongy organ
function: to get rid of toxins, to regulate your blood sugar levels and to produce bile |
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Term
| The gallbladder - (main organ system, location, physical description, function) |
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Definition
system: digestive
location: on the underside of your liver
physical description: pear-shaped, green, muscular sac
function: to store and concentrate bile produced in your liver |
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Term
| The lungs - (main organ system, location, physical description, function) |
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Definition
system: respiratory
location: in your chest, inside your rib cage
physical description: large, rounded, light, spongy, inflatable organs
function: to deliver oxygen to and remove carbon dioxide from your blood |
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Term
| The pancreas - (main organ system, location, physical description, function) |
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Definition
system: digestive
location: behind the stomach and level with the top of the small intestine
physical description: pistol-shaped
function: secreting digestive enzymes and hormones that control blood sugar levels |
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Term
| The skin - (main organ system, location, physical description, function) |
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Definition
system: integumentary
location: all over your body
physical description: flat, pilable and tough. between .5 and 4mm thick
function: to protect your body from damage, infection and drying out |
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Term
| The spleen - (main organ system, location, physical description, function) |
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Definition
system: lymphatic
location: left hand side of your body, between your stomach and diaphragm
physical description: fist shaped
function: cleaning your blood, destroying old red blood cells and fighting infection |
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Term
| The adrenal gland - (main organ system, location, physical description, function) |
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Definition
system: endocrine
location: sits on top of the kidneys
physical description: star-shaped glands
function: regulates the response to stress by making hormones like adrenaline |
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Term
| The thyroid gland - (main organ system, location, physical description, function) |
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Definition
system: endocrine
location: center of neck
physical description: has two lobes, and sits just below the adams apple (thyroid cartilage)
function: regulates metabolism, mood, energy, sensitivity to hot and cold |
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Term
| What does the frontal lobe of the brain control? |
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Definition
| complex associations, emotions, personality, movement, memory, languages |
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Term
| What is the patietal lobe in the brain responsible for? |
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Definition
| processing touch sensations, speech, taste, reading |
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Term
| What is the temporal lobe in the brain responsible for? |
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Definition
| processing hearing, language, and smell |
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Term
| what is the occipital lobe in the brain responsible for? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the cerebellum responsible for? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the brain stem responsible for? |
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Definition
| connects brain and rest of the nervous system |
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Term
| what does a Functional MRI do? (fMRI) |
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Definition
| it measures blood flow to different parts of the brain which tells us how active each part of the brain is |
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