established the principle of judicial review

first case to assert ultimate supreme court authority over state courts in matters of federal law

the power to regulate interstate commerce was granted to congress

is the 16^th chief justice of the U.S and is the fourth longest serving chief justice

ruled that the system devised by the Florida supreme court to recount the votes was unconstitutional making Bush the new pres.

first Chief Justice of the United States; he quit to run for Governor of New York because he felt the job as Chief Justice wasn’t sufficiently prestigious; this was before the Court developed the concept of “judicial review”]

federal trial courts, federal intermediary appellate courts, the US Supreme Court

a judicial examination of issues of fact or law disputed by parties for the purpose of determining the rights of the parties compare

hearing, inquest

at least one in each state, one in DC, and the territories)

a law that defines crimes against the public order

most legal disputes handled by

the presidential custom of submitting the names of prospective appointees for approval to senators from the states in which the appointees are to work

where battle over judicial confirmations takes place; all judicial nominations referred here for a hearing and committee vote before consideration by entire senate

courts with appellate jurisdiction that hear appeals from the decisions of lower courts

the authority of a court to review decisions made by lower courts

- only in cases involving ambassadors other public ministers and other diplomats and cases in which a state or states are a party

created the United States Supreme Court;

empowered Congress to create at its discretion lower federal courts under the Supreme Court]

there was no federal judicial branch, and hence, no US Supreme Court under the____;

each state had its own judiciary (and each of the 50 states today has its own judiciary as well]

no juries in _____;

only judges; no new evidence or testimony is considered

appellate courts look for ______

made in the application of the law by the lower courts.

(at least one in each state, one in DC, and the territories)

appellate jurisdiction of US Supreme Court (hears cases primarily from _____.

also accepts cases from the highest courts of the states but only if the case is being appealed on an issue pertaining to the US Constitution

is considered to be one of his most important acts

matters go before the US Supreme Court as ____

from the lower courts [must be an actual case or controversy]

to secure a review in conference __

justices in supreme court consider the request and if ___

justices agree petition is granted. The case is then scheduled for oral argument

U.S. Supreme Court has ___

discretion in deciding what cases to hear

ruling issued by an

appellate court of multiple judges in which the decision rendered is made by the court

(or at least, a majority of the court) acting collectively and anonymously

a “ friend of the court” brief filed by an

individual or organization to present argument in addition to those presented by the immediate parties to a case

an opinion disagreeing with the majority in a supreme court ruling

the official record of the rulings, orders, case tables

clarification needed, and other proceedings of the Supreme Court of the United States

.

opinion of the court is published with the ___ and ___ opinion in the official reporter ____ and

numerous other reporters published by ___ companies.

if Congress and the president disagree with the Court’s interpretation of federal law, they can change the _____.

Congress and the president, however, cannot overrule ____

the law that exists in legislatively enacted statutes esp. as distinguished from common law compare

common law

the

standard of evidence required to validate a criminal conviction in most adversarial legal systems

.

three classes; a crime that carries a less severe punishment than a felony; a crime punishable by a fine and by a term of imprisonment not to be served in a penitentiary and not to exceed one year compare

felony

.

the evidence meeting this standard [plaintiffs must show by a ___ __ __ ___ that defendant's negligence proximately caused the injuries] compare

clear and convincing, reasonable doubt

.

Probate judges can hear cases where wills are ____.

also assist individuals who are seeking to involuntarily commitment people to ____ ____.

The court can help individuals assume the ____  of another person who may be unable to care for themselves because of age or illness.

[adversarial system--the American system of justice is essentially a fight between the two sides, with the process controlled by ___ and procedure by the ___

and the outcome decided by the ___ _____

of the facts in evidence presented