Term
|
Definition
-Jewish communities all throughout the Arabian Peninsula, all the way to Yemen
-people left Palestine and started to spread out to the AP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-either a Jewish king or an Arabian king who converted to Judaism
-either way Jews are so influential that they can be king or convince the king to convert
-started to convert people to Judaism, Christians got upset
-disappeared into the ocean |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Jews lived in tribes--didn't have their own Jewish tribes, they were just part of other nations' tribes
-had strong influence on the people in the AP
-tribes=main system of gov and travel, not really a good idea because they get in fights, etc |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-born into big tribe
-was poor, uneducated, and illiterate
-was involved with Jews because he was a merchant, and was influenced by their ethical monotheism
-had a vision of Gabriel telling him he is last prophet of God
-started teaching about ethical monotheism, gained a lot of followers
-wrote the Quran (all his visions and epiphanies, laws and ethics to be a Muslim)
-Jews weren't impressed with him
-started attacking tribe by tribe and forcing people to convert, spoils from war funded his movement, and his military success was "proof" that Allah was on his side |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Muhammad got thrown out because he was preaching crazy stuff and upsetting people
-still considered holy city |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -holy city, Muhammad arrived there after being kicked out of Mecca and got his "big break" there--Muhammadinism started spreading |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-religion that stemmed from Mohammadinism
-based off Quran (their holy text) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-collection of visions, prophecies, and dreams
-since Muhammad was illiterate he dictated to his students and they wrote it down, and later he went back and edited it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-direction that Muslims face when they pray
-used to be Jerusalem but since he started getting upset with the Jews he changed it from Jerusalem to Mecca |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-the official text of the Quran after it had been written up and edited
-what made it in and what didn't |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-the protected ones
-Refers to Jews and Christians--people of the book who are "fine"
-pagans are nonbelievers=bad
-certain rules made to protect the Dhimmi |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-list of rules for Dhimmi
-highlighted the fact that Muslims were most important, and that Dhimmi should never be above Muslims economically, powerfully, etc.
-Dhimmi can't have Muslim slaves, can't have higher position in gov than a Muslim, etc
-the fact that they were willing to work with us was good because they could've just killed us
-like state laws--in some areas they were enforced and in some they weren't
-decent relationship between Muslim and Jews at this time, even though Pact of Omar seemed unfair |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-charismatic and successful preacher
-lived in Judea around 0 CE
-was an Essene, went around encouraging people to adopt Essene culture
-probably was the forerunner for Jesus--Jesus probably heard him speak and was influenced
-told people they need to be good and repent because the Kingdom of Heaven was coming |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-ascetics--try to remove themselves from material things
-try to focus on spiritual things
-communal meals, wore white, etc.
-less focused on doing, more focused on believing and being |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -lived in Nazarith, found out his wife is pregnant, was upset because he didn't think it was his child |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Jesus' mother, married to Joseph
-claimed she was impregnated by God |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Jesus=Greek for Joshua
-goes to hear John the Baptist speak, is very influenced
-Jesus decides to take over and fulfill John's mission after John is killed
-finds followers, starts preaching, telling them what to feel, what to think, etc.
-tells them mitzvot aren't as important, emotions are
-becomes really influential
-Jews aren't happy
-Romans aren't happy: claiming he's messiah, could cause rebellion
-mainly preaching in Galilee
-Romans send him to die: either Pontius Pilate gave Jews opportunity to save him, or something, but anyways he was crucified, supposedly came back to life
-Jewish movement that believed he was the Messiah/savior/son of God, talked about what he preached (being good to people) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Jesus was a big fan of kingdom of heaven, convinced people to repent and be good because kingdom of heaven would soon arrive
-kingdom of heaven=end of days, Messiah, savior, apocalypse,etc. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -Roman king, gave Jews opportunity to save Jesus, said he had nothing to do with his death |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -turned Jesus in to Pontius Pilate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-one of Jesus' main disciples
-viewed it as a Jewish movement, didn't really preach to Jews |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-one of Jesus' main disciples
-viewed it as a Jewish movement, didn't really preach to Jews
-Jesus' brother |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-one of the apostles
-anti-Christian
-had vision of Jesus, was inspired to become Christian
-opened Christianity to gentiles
-said you don't have to keep mitzvot, only thing that's important is being good and MOST important is believing that Jesus was the Messiah/savior
-preaches outside Judea
-killed by Romans
-started writing things down for New Testament |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-one of the gospels
-portrays Jesus as an "enigmatic miracle worker" (heals blind, walks on water, etc)
-preaches to Jewish-Christian faction outside Judea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-one of the gospels
-most Jewish of all gospels
-preaches to Jews in Judea
-portrays Jesus similar to Moshe/like a prophet--Jesus went up on a mountain, preached 5 books |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-one of the gospels
-he is a gentile
-preaches to gentiles
-teacher was Paul
-wrote his gospel like a novel which attracted a lot of people
-portrayed Jesus as a prophet or scholar? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-one of the gospels
-portrays Jesus as a very spiritual person, people don't always understand him
-portrays relationship between Christians and Jews as very bitter/they don't get along |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-council in 325 CE
-made guidelines of what Christian faith would be from then on |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Christians didn't really like Jews
-trying to disassociate themselves from Jews by oppressing them
-they think Jews killed Jesus
-said he wouldn't oppress the Jews |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-ruler/emperor
-wrote Witness Doctrine
-didn't like Jews |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -said Jews should exist to be persecuted and to prove to them and to the world that if you don't believe in Jesus than you will be persecuted |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The national commonwealth of Judea failed because they failed to unite politics and religion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The attempts to preserve the brit in less than optimal conditions shaped the Jewish nation, religion, and culture |
|
|
