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Test #2
Vocabulary
38
Chemistry
Undergraduate 1
10/02/2010

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Cards

Term
Dipole
Definition
polar molecule
Term
Polar polar attraction
Definition
dipole dipole attraction; attraction between two molecules
Term
free radical
Definition
odd unpaired electron in the molecule or atom
Term
Equation for number of moles
Definition
# moles = weight/molar weight
Term
How do you find Molarity
Definition
M = # moles of solute/ L of solution
Term
Hydrogen bonding
Definition
Hydrogen + at least one of (F, O, N)
Term
What causes DNA to be different?
Definition
Hydrogen bonding
Term
Valence Electrons
Definition
Electrons on the outermost shell
Term
Ionic bonds
Definition
the attractive forces between positive and negative ions
Term
Octet Rule
Definition
rule of eight;
Term
Covalent bond
Definition
bond formed by a shared pair of elections
Term
electronegativity
Definition
measure of attraction of an atom in a molecule for a pair of shared electrons
Term
Polar covalent bond
Definition
a molecule that has a dipole moment
Term
Nonpolar covalent bond
Definition
a covalent bond in which there is an equal sharing of electrons
Term
VSEPR theroy
Definition
arrangement of atoms about a central atom
Term
law of combining volumes
Definition
when all measurements are made at the same temperature and pressure, the volumes of gaseous reactants and products are in a small whole-number ration
Term
Avogadro's number
Definition
6.02 X 10 to the 23
Term
mole
Definition
amount of substances that contains the same number of elementary units
Term
formula mass
Definition
average mass of a formula unit relative to that of a carbon12 atom

# of atoms X atomic mass of element = formula mass
Term
molar mass
Definition
mass of one mole of that substance

? mole of element = g of the sample X (1 mole of element/molar mass)
Term
stoichiometry
Definition
quantitative relationship between reactants and products in a chemical reaction
Term
Mass relationships
Definition
1. balance equations
2. Get molar masses
3. convert masses to moles
4. moles of one element X (1 mole of other element/1 mole of one element)
3. moles to grams
Term
Ideal Gas law
Definition
PV = nRT
Term
Avagadro's law
Definition
v1/n1 = v2/n2
Term
General gas law
Definition
(P1V1/T1)= (P2V2/T2)
Term
Gay-Lussac's law
Definition
P1/T1 = P2/T2
Term
Charles law
Definition
V1/T1 = V2/T2
Term
Boyle's law
Definition
P1V1 = P2V2
Term
Name 2 things for hydrogen bonding
Definition
1. Must have H, O, F, N
2. polar molecule (asymmetrical)
Term
solute
Definition
substance being dissolved
Term
solvent
Definition
substance doing the dissolving
Term
melting point
Definition
solid to liquid
Term
vaporization
Definition
liquid to gas
Term
boiling point
Definition
the temperature that liquid turns to gas
Term
condensation
Definition
vapor to liquid
Term
freezing
Definition
liquid to gas
Term
sulimation
Definition
solid to gas
Term
dipole forces
Definition
forces between two polar molecules
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