Term
| Spontaneous Generation Definition |
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Definition
| The process of living organisms arising de novo from non-living material. |
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Term
| List the experiments disproving spontaneous generation. |
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Definition
1. Francesco Redi showed that maggots did not grow from meat by covering it.
2. John Needham showed that broth still became cloudy after boiling.
3. Lazzaro Spallanzani showed that microorganisms came from the air by boiling broth and corking it immediately.
4 Louis Pasteur used his swan neck experiment . |
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Term
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Definition
1. Many diseases are caused by the presence and actions of specific microorganisms.
2. Superseded existing miasma and contagion theories of disease. |
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Term
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Definition
1. Discovered by Mattias Schleiden (plants) & Theodor Schwann (animals).
2. All living things are made up of cells and the products of those cells.
3. All cells carry out their own life functions.
4. New cells come from other living cells. |
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Term
| What are the four points that make Koch's postulate true? |
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Definition
1. The bacteria must be present in every case of the disease.
2. The bacteria must be isolated from the host with the disease and grown in pure culture.
3. The specific disease must be reproduced when a pure culture of the bacteria is inoculated into a healthy susceptible host
4. The bacteria must be recoverable from the experimentally infected host. |
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Term
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Definition
Prokaryote
1. The nuclear body is not bounded by a nuclear membrane
2. Many genes arranged into operons; no exons/introns
3. Usually contains one circular chromosome composed of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) associated with histone-like proteins.
4. The cell usually divides by binary fission
5. No mitosis or meiosis
6. Incapable of endocytosis and exocytosis.
7. The cytoplasmic membrane is usually lacking sterols. |
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Term
| Prokaryotes (Bateria vs. Archea) |
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Definition
1. Members of the domain Bacteria have cell walls composed of peptidoglycan.
2. Members of the domain Archae have cell walls composed of protein, a complex carbohydrate, or unique molecules resembling but not the same as peptidoglycan. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What do the term in generation time formula stand for? |
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Definition
1. G (generation time) = t(time, in minutes or hours)/n(number of generations)
2. t = time interval in hours or minutes
3. n = number of generations (number of times the cell population doubles during the time interval) |
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Term
| If you have a generation time of 20 minutes, and you started with 10 cells, how many cells would you have in 200 minutes? |
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Definition
# of generations = 200 min/ 20 min
= 10
N = 10 X 2 n
N = 10 X 2 10
N = 10 X 1,024
N = 10,240 |
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Term
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Definition
1. Lag phase- Intense metabolic activity preparing for division but no increase in population
2. Log phase- logarithmic or exponential growth
3. Stationary phase- equilibrium is reached with equal # of dividing and dying cells
4. Death phase- population decrease because cells are dying |
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