Term
Boffrand, Natoire, & LeMoine
Salon de la Princesse, Hotel Soubise, Paris, France
Rococo – French
1737-40
*Rococo Architecture. Backdrop for a pretty life. |
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Fragonard
The Swing
Rococo – French
1766
*Example of Rococo whimsy and color pallete. |
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Clodion
Nymph and Satyr
Rococo – French
c.1775
*An example of loose morals |
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Jacques-Louis David
Oath of the Horatii
Neoclassicism – French
1784
*Example color, subject matter, and paint application. Becomes an icon the the French Revolution. |
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Definition
| http://www.hamline.edu/cla/academics/art/studentresources/coursesites/arth1210/arth1210images/neoclassicism/oath.jpg |
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Vignon
La Madeleine, Paris, France
Neoclassicism – French
1807-42
*Rejects Rococo, |
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Canova
Pauline Borghese as Venus
Neoclassicism – French
1808
*Modern people as classical subjects.
Classicism to make a point |
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Ingres
Grande Odalisque
Romanticism – French
1814
*Foreign subject matter, dark, sentual subject matter; mysterious |
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Fuseli
The Nightmare
Romanticism – English
1781
*Dark side of human nature. Began experimenting before French. Nightmares reveal our deepest fears and desirers. Humunculus- devils messenger. Horse-celtic-sexuality. |
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Goya
The Third of May, 1808
Romanticism – Spanish
1814
*French come into Spain, gun down an entire village. Sparked by taunting. Goya also sketched the "disasters of war" recognized power of art. Main character in position of Christ. Passionate brush |
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Gericault
The Raft of the Medusa
Romanticism – French
1818-19
*Captain a political apointee; no clue how to captain. Ran ship into rocks, not enough rafts. Lower class: 185 people died, remainder insane. Researched very well: watched corpses rot. Crit |
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Delacroix
Death of Sardanapalus
Romanticism – French
1826
*Depicts a poem by Byron. King loding, so destroys everything he owns, and kills himself. Quick, passionate brushstroke. |
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Barye
Jaguar Devouring a Hare
Romanticism – French
1850-51
*Death, nature, violence. Harshness of reality. |
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Caspar David Friedrich
Abbey in the Oak Forest
Romanticism – German
1810
*Gothic remnant. Longed to return to faith-inspired paintings of gothic times. Mankind very small in the grand scheme of things. Gothic used as a national symbol for English, Fre |
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Constable
The Haywain
Romanticism – English
1821
*Factories in London empty countryside: return to the days of quiet country living. |
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Barry & Pugin
Houses of Parliament, London, England
Romanticism – English
c.1835
*Claims Gothic for the English. Interior still classical. Rising nationalism- leading to WWII |
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Courbet
Burial at Ornans
Realism – French
1849
*Portrayed working class on a huge canvas. Burial of a real person, not a saint or king. Set up own exhibition, gets into trouble. Frees artist. |
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Definition
| http://www.hamline.edu/cla/academics/art/studentresources/coursesites/arth1210/arth1210images/realism/burial1.jpg"> |
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Courbet
The Stone Breakers
Realism - French
1849
*Thin, raggy poor doing the dirtiest of dirty jobs. Working class cannot be freed from plight. |
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Daumier
Rue Transnonain
Realism – French
1834
*Concerned about the city. French working class begin to strike. Neighborhood barricades itself. French gaurd was shot, so they retaliated by killing entire neighborhood. |
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Manet
Luncheon on the Grass
Realism – French
1863
*Born and raised in Paris's high class. Plays with past styles to make them relevant. Well dressed men in a public park with two nude figures. Women's clothes on the ground. Real-not fake. |
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Manet
Olympia
Realism – French
1863
*Reclining nude. Black cat, cheap bouqet, african servant. "I'm in charge of this commodity. |
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Monet
Impression: Sunrise
Impressionism – French
1872
*Completely against expectation of a highly finished painting. No recognizable subject. Fisherman on a boat. |
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Pissarro
La Place du Theatre Francais
Impressionism – French
1898
*Croppped images. Inspired by photography. People are blurs. Missing the social agenda. |
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Renoir
Le Moulin de la Galette
Impressionism – French
1876
*Almost a group portrait. Real people in everyday life. Focuses on light through the trees. Inspirid by manet, soft brushstroke, contemporary subject matter. |
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Morisot
Villa at the Seaside
Impressionism – French
1874
*Rare female artist. Intelligent, beautiful. Upperclass, money not a problem. Focuses on mother/child. Focused on what was in her world, as the outside world was not accessible to a sole woman. |
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Whistler
Nocturne in Black and Gold
Impressionism – American
c.1875
*American expatriate living in London.
Close to abstract painting. Critics hated it, Whistler thought it looked like music. Fireworks. |
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Vincent van Gogh
The Night Cafe
Post-Impressionism – French
1888
*Interested in light, but not natural light. color to convety the circumstances that a person would kill. Isolated figure, strong lines and contrasting colors. Confrontational. |
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Gauguin
Vision after the Sermon
Post-Impressionism – French
1888
*NW France-Brittony-Isolated and pristine. Women perceive Joseph fighting an angel. Nothing realistic. Psychological. Messed with a red ground and perspective space. Search for truth som |
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Seurat
A Sunday on La Grande Jatte
Post-Impressionism – French
1884-6
*Interested in French Bourgiouse. Pointed brushstroke. scientifically: how does the eye perceive color? stiff, too technical. |
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Cezanne
Mont Sainte-Victoire
Post-Impressionism – French
1902-4
*Painted frequently at different times of the day in the same spot. Thought of natural world as geometric shapes. Color and shape. |
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Moreau
Jupiter and Semele
Symbolism – French
c.1875
*No interest in Impressionists. Traditional brushstrokes. Dark colors, classical subject matter and incredible detail. All arts coming together.Totally immersed in artistic experience. lived for beau |
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Munch
The Cry
Symbolism – Norwegian
1893
*Color and coposition to convey despair. |
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Rodin
Walking Man
Symbolism – French
1905
*Believed art should be about feeling. Fragmented on purpose. |
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Matisse
Red Room
Fauvism – French
1908-9
*All characteristics of Fauvism |
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Kirchner
Street, Dresden
Expressionism – German
1908
*Hated the urban lifestyle. Die Brueke. Need to show society's ugliness. Mixes and blends colors. Leading up to Hitler. Looks at VanGough and Munch. |
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Kandinsky
Improvisation 28
Expressionism – German
1912
*Die Blaue Reiter. A group to escape the ugliness of present.Comes from superstitious, eastern orthodox Russia, feels art lacks. God. Tried to make painting like music. Glorify insanity. |
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Picasso
Les Demoiselles d’Avignon
Cubism – French
1907
*No 1 point of perspective. Expresses the uncertainty of the times. Plays with the female nude, setting a brothel of sorts. Inspiration from "innocent" primitive peoples. |
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Lipchitz
Bather
Cubism – French
1917
*Fragments the female nude. Reduced to what is essentially beautiful. |
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Balla
Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash
Futurism – Italian
1912
*Attempting to capture motion. |
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Definition
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Term
Boccioni
Unique Forms of Continuity in Space
Futurism – Italian
1913
Like a machine person. |
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Arp
Collage Arranged According to Laws of chance
Dada – Swiss
1916-17
*What is the artist's role? What is the notion of art?Wants us to realize that reality is a human construct. No order, no god, it's all a crap shoot. |
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Marcel Duchamp
Fountain
Dada – French
1917
*Highly intellectual. Breaks ties with subject matter and skill. Makes someone realize the popwer of the artist to make someone think an object is art.The creative act happens mentally. Art is what an artist |
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Hoch
Cut with the Kitchen Knife
Dada – German
1919-20
*Shows Germany in a mess. Cut from pop culture and politics. |
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Dix
The War
New Objectivity – German
1929-32
*Art should display reality, not delve into realms. Dix liked Nietsche. Experience everything. Tryptich style. Back to religion and the resurection.If you want truth, look to the artist. |
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Dali
The Persistence of Memory
Surrealism – French
1931
*Very interested in human subconscience. Read Freud. Felt it was the artist's duty to unleash the subconscience. Things have been distorted beyond what is expected. Obsessed with ants. |
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Malevich
Suprematist Composition: Airplane Flying
Suprematism – Russian
1915
*Art should communicate to everyone. Humans have an extreme potential for emotion. Basic colors and shapes. Color doesn't need to be translated. |
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Mondrian
Composition in Red, Blue, and Yellow
DeStijl – Dutch
1930
*Take responsibility for art. limiting color pallate to the primary colors. ALWAYS vertical and horizontal. Need to rebuild the social order. Balance. |
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Gropius
Shop Block, the Bauhaus, Dessau, Germany
Bauhaus – German
1925-26
*Wholistic environment. Looks to the middle ages. Art should not be serperate from life. Craft and design should be functional. Hated Rococo.No ornamentation beyond the structur |
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Frank Lloyd Wright
Kauffman House (Fallingwater), Bear Run, Pennsylvania, USA
Organic – American
1936-39
*Forget extranneous detail. Integrate structure with it's environment. Should be as if it grew there. Use materials already present. Mig open room |
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Grant Wood
American Gothic
Regionalism – American
1930
*Challanges European Abstract. First real "American" art style. |
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Pollock
Lavender Mist
Abstract Expressionism – American
1950 |
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Definition
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Tony Smith
Die
Minimalism – American
1962
*Back to the ABCs of sculpture. |
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Beuys
How to Explain Pictures to a Dead Hare
Performance Art – German
1965
*What constitutes are? Art is an activity not a thing. This begins with Marcel Duchamp. |
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Term
Kosuth
One and Three Chairs
Conceptual Art – American
1965
*Art is a concept; a choice the artist makes. What is the most real of the three "chairs?" Is it calling it a chair, is it the image of a chair, or the function of a chair? |
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Warhol
Marilyn Diptych
Pop Art – American
1962
*Agrees with abstract expressionism; work not strictly in control; color not tied to reality. Uses recognizable subject matter. Art is a result of fast food society. Art as a commodity. |
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Warhol
Marilyn Diptych
Pop Art – American
1962 |
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Smithson
Spiral Jetty, Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA
Environmental Art – American
1970
*Art has a communal spiritual function. Nature itself is the most beautiful creation. |
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Definition
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Term
Mies van der Rohe & Phillip Johnson
Seagram Building, New York, NY, USA
Modernism – American
1956-58
*Just sits there and is. |
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Definition
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Term
Charles Moore
Piazza d’Italia, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
Post-Modernism – American
1976-80
*Rejecting cold, inhuman elements of modernism. |
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Definition
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Term
Koons
Pink Panther
Post-Modernism – American
1988
*Mixing modern icons with the classic virgin and child. |
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Rococo
1)Characteristics of
2)Historical Context
3)Paint Application
4)Subject Matter
5) Color Pallete |
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Definition
1)Dissolves classical elements, whimsical, no moral issues, luxury.
2)Louis the 14th: France establishd as world power. Domination of culture for 70 years; building to French Revolution with takeover of Louis 16th. Mainly Paris, around aristocracy. Move to Paris means miniaturized. Watered down Baroque.
3) No hard edges. Soften everything. more visible brushstroke.
4) Pretty, rich people. lyrical subjects: flowers, seashells. Sensual.
5) Pastels. Pinks, blues, whites. |
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Term
Neo-Classicism:
1)Characteristics
2)Historical Context
3)Paint Application
4)Subject Matter
5)Color Pallate |
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Definition
1)Back to Ancient Rome. Male Heroism, frontal composition, classical values, rejects Baroque and Rococo, classicism to make a point.
2)Sick of Marie Antoinette and Louis 16. Napoleonic Wars. French Revolution. Propaganda.
3)Smooth. Glass like.
4)Heroic figures, political figures likened to saints and martyrs,
5)Dark colors. |
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Romanticism
1)Characteristics of
2)Historical context
3)Paint Application
4)Subject Matter
5)Color Pallate |
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Definition
1)Faith in the individual; Critical view of society; Foreign good: reject own culture; Begin to explore psychology; Pan-European; Criticizing government; Real-life; Began as a literary movement; Celebration of the Anti-hero
2) France: After fall of Napoleon; German: Want for Gothic times; English: Factories in London, movement into the city.
3)Minimal brushstroke, used to show drama.
4)Real-life, but dramatized.
5)Muted dark, somber colors. |
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Realism:
1)Characteristics of
2)Historical Context
3)Subject matter
4)Paint Application
5)Color Pallate |
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Definition
1)Artist as a social critic. Whole canvas taken up by working class. Less dramatic than Romanticism. Realism has direct, political hit. Blatent, graphic representation of the truth.
2)Influx of people to the city: slums. France: Strict art rules, promiscuous upper class. French working class strike. Unacceptable to portray sexuality in anything real. Must be fantasy.
3)Real life. Government follies, prostitutes and the working class.
4)Rough paint application.
5) Contrasting colors. Light v. dark. |
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Term
Impressionism:
1)Characteristics of
2)Historical context
3)Subject matter
4)Paint Application
5)Color Pallate. |
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Definition
1)Doesn't fool us into thinking it's real; Not meant to offend; Very loose; How light and color interact; Not painted in a studio; Rejecting Roman Rennasaince: Art for Art's sake; Just paint on canvas; Liked everyday life; Liked Rococo.
2)Considered the rebels of the day. Worst paintings ever. At the time, landscape was unimportant.
3)Landscapes, and other unrecognizable subject matter.
4)Paint on canvas. Not outlines.
5)Colors that correspond with light. |
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Term
Post-Impressionism
1)Characteristics of
2)Historical Context
3)Paint Application
4)Subject matter
5)Color Pallate |
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Definition
1)Commmunicates a mood or abstract concept. thought Impressionism didn't go far enough.
2)After impressionism.
3)Varied. Very much paint on canvas.
5)Varied. More abstract. Emotional. |
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Term
Symbolism:
1)Characteristics of
2)Historical Context
3)Paint Application
4)Subject Matter
5)Color Pallate |
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Definition
1)Rejecting Impressionism. Nothing to do with it. Traditional brushstroke. Communicates an emotion.
2)Alongside impressionism. Escaping reality.
3)Traditional brushstroke.
4)No more eye-pleasing simplicity.
5)Dark, emotional colors. |
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Term
Fauvism
1)Characteristics of
2)Historical context
3)Paint Application
4)Subject Matter
5)Color Pallate |
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Definition
1)Origanally said that painting could be ddone by wild animals.
2)Wanted to fiund truth in painting, and the truth is, it's a painting not a photograph.
3)Paint on canvass, no light, no shadows.
4)Very unclear. Is is a window or a painting?
5)Bright colors. |
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Term
Expressionism
1)Characteristics of
2)Historical context
3)Paint Application
4)Subject Matter
5)Color Pallate |
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Definition
1)Varies. See flash cards.
2)Leading up to Hitler. Germany is in a state of confusion, economic and social hardships. Die Brueke attempt to show Germans their ugliness, Die Blaue Reiter attempt to escape into their art.
3)DB:Inspired by VanGough
4)DB:Subjects that show Germans theur problems. DBR: No recognizable subject matter.
5) DB:Mixes and blends colors, expressive. DBR: Expressive. |
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Term
Cubism
1)Charachteristics of
2)Historical Context
3)Paint Application
4)Subject Matter
5)Color Pallate |
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Definition
| 1)Art for Art's sake. Technique important. Not interested in religion or politics. |
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Term
Ftuturism
1)Characteristics of
2)Historical context
3)Subject matter
4)Paint Applictaion
5)Color pallate |
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Definition
1)Attempts to capture motion.
2)Italy needs to break with the past. Start new and fresh. Embrace the future/technology.
3)Machine like figures and figures in motion.
4)Not important.
5)Golds, bronzes, and opther "futuristic" colors. |
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Term
Dada
1)Characteristics of
2)Historical context
3)Subject Matter |
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Definition
1)Very abstract. Wants you to question and think. Very intellectually involved. At times political.
2)Began in Switzerland: Zurich, neutral country in WWI. Want to point out the absurdity of Western World.
3)No subject matter. Ideas an concepts to make the viewer question. |
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