Term
Cost-Effectiveness of Drug Tx |
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Definition
$4-7 saved in crime related costs |
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Term
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Definition
genetic and environmental issues |
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Term
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Definition
does not need to be voluntary |
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Term
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Definition
Someone who has both and alcohol/drug problem and an emotional/psychiatric problem. Need to treat both problems. |
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Term
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Definition
Affects 8.3% over the age of 12, does not include nicotine |
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Term
What is a difference between drug abuse and dependence |
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Definition
Abuse-is a preventable behavior Dependence-is a treatable disease |
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Term
Drug dependence peaks when? |
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Definition
Between the ages of 18 and 25 |
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Term
Drugs of abuse affect what? |
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Definition
The reward system by increasing the concentration of dopamine(ex: ecstasy) |
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Term
What is the CVS effect of cocaine? |
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Definition
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Term
How does cocaine effect the brains use of glucose? |
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Definition
Reduces the neurons ability to use glucose and disrupts brain function. |
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Term
What is used in the treatment of cocaine overdose? |
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Definition
Lorazepam for agitation and haldol for psychotic behavior. |
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Term
What has cocaine been replaced by? And why? |
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Definition
Methamphetamine; stronger, cheaper, and lasts longer-12h |
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Term
Addictive drugs can cause what after long-term use? |
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Definition
Physical, psychological and structural changes |
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Term
What specific changes occur in the brain with long-term drug addiction? |
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Definition
The pleasure/reward system(in the ventral tegmental area projecting to nucleus accumbens)has reduced pleasure experience. |
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Term
What neurotransmitter is related to the pleasure/reward system? |
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Definition
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Term
What is the mechanism of action of marijuana? |
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Definition
Increased release of dopamine |
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Term
What are some of the effects caused by marijuana use? |
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Definition
-Loss of motor coordination(up to 24 hours) -Impaired short-term memory -Delayed reaction time -Increased risk for accidents -Dry mouth |
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Term
How does marijuana compare to cigarettes? |
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Definition
Marijuana contains 5X more tar and CO than cigarettes. |
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Term
What is the most abused drug used at work? |
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Definition
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Term
What is the mechanism of axn of methamphetamine? |
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Definition
Releases high levels of dopamine. |
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Term
What are the effects of methamphetamine? |
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Definition
-More central effect -Short-term: --decreased appetite --8-24hr -Long-term: --potential brain damage |
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Term
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Definition
Dental caries on buccal smooth surface of post. teeth and interproximal ant. teeth Due to acidic nature of the drug. |
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Term
What are the withdrawl symptoms of methapmhetamine? |
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Definition
-Aggression -depression -anxiety -fatigue -intense craving -paranoia |
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Term
What are the indications for methamphetamine? |
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Definition
-ADHD -exogenous obesity -narcolepsy |
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Term
Is there a better alternative to methamphetamine? |
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Definition
Yes, Strattera a non-stimulant |
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Term
What properties does ecstasy have? |
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Definition
A stimulant and a hallucinogenic |
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Term
What is the mechanism of axn of ecstasy? |
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Definition
Binds to transporters and prevents serotonin from binding. Has the same effect on dopamine neurons. |
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Term
What are the PCOL effects for ecstasy? |
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Definition
euphoria, increased desire for physical contact |
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Term
What causes life-threatening adverse effects with ecstasy? |
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Definition
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Term
How do you treat for stimulant use/abuse? |
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Definition
-ABC's -acute --Ativan-excitement or panic --risperdal-psychosis --Matrix model |
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Term
How much alcohol is a safe level for teens? Pregnant women? People with a history of addiction? |
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Definition
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Term
How does a person develop alcoholism? |
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Definition
By genetic and/or environmental factors |
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Term
What is the mechanism of axn of alcohol? |
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Definition
enhances GABA leading to CNS depression and excites DA neurons in the vetral tegmental area. |
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Term
Where is ethanol metabolized? |
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Definition
90% in liver, 10% unchanged in urine. |
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Term
Overdose of alcohol causes what? |
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Definition
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Term
What organs does alcohol effect? |
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Definition
Liver, kidney, and sexual function |
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Term
Alcohol increases the risk of what type of cancers? |
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Definition
Mouth, oropharynx, esophagus, liver, and breast. |
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Term
What happens with stage 3 alcohol dependence? |
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Definition
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Term
What are some of the medications used to treat alcohol dependence? |
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Definition
Disulfram, Naltrexone, and acamprosate |
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Term
What is ethyl glucoronide? |
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Definition
Metabolite of ethanol. 2ml of urine needed to detect in assay. detectable up to 2 days. |
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Term
What kind of effect do inhalants have? |
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Definition
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Term
What are some consequences of inhalants? |
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Definition
SSDS due to cardiac arrhythmia. |
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Term
What are some risk factors for inhalant abuse? |
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Definition
chaotic home environment and poor social coping skills. |
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Term
What is the #1 adult health problem? |
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Definition
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