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Test 3 - notes
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44
Physics
11th Grade
09/10/2015

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Term
What is the push or pull that causes a change in motion?
Definition
force
Term
What is the object a force is acting upon?
Definition
system
Term
What causes an acceleration which is a change in velocity?
Definition
net force
Term
What causes an acceleration which is a change in velocity?
Definition
net force
Term
Why does an object in motion change direction, speed up, slow down, or stop?
Definition
a force is acting on it
Term
What can a change in speed and/or direction of an object cause?
Definition
a change in velocity
Term
Can an object have velocity without a force acting on it?
Definition
yes
Term
What exists when an object from the external world touches a system and thereby exerts a force on it?
Definition
contact force
Term
What kind of forces are exerted without contact?
Definition
field forces
Term
What do forces result from?
Definition
interactions
Term
What is the identifiable cause of the force (what is exerting the force)?
Definition
agent
Term
Can gravity act horizontally?
Definition
no
Term
What is force measured in?
Definition
Newtons
Term
What is a Newton?
Definition
1 kg x m/s^2
Term
What is the vector sum of all the forces in an object?
Definition
net force
Term
What is acceleration of an object that is proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to the mass of the object being accelerated?
Definition
Newton's 2nd Law
Term
What is the equation for Newton's 2nd Law?
Definition
F=ma or a=Fnet/m
Term
What will a stationary object with no net force acting on it do?
Definition
stay at its position
Term
In the ideal case of zero resistance, what should happen to horizontal motion?
Definition
it should never stop
Term
What is an object that is at rest will remain at rest and an object that is in motion will continue to move in a straight line with constant speed?
Definition
Newton's 1st Law
Term
What are the five types of force?
Definition
friction, normal force, tension, thrust force, and weight
Term
What kind of force is a contact force that acts to oppose sliding motion between surfaces (a "retarding force- acts parallel to the surface and opposite direction of sliding)?
Definition
friction
Term
What kind of force is a contact force exerted by a surface on an object- acts perpendicular to and away from the surface?
Definition
normal force
Term
What kind of force is a pull exereted by a string, rope, or cable when attached to a body and pulled taut, acts away from the object and parallel to the string, rope, or cable at the point of attachment?
Definition
tension
Term
What kind of force is one that moves objects like rockets, planes, cars, and people, acts in the same direction as the acceleration of the object, barring any resistive forces?
Definition
thrust
Term
What kind of force is a field force due to gravitational attraction between two objects, generally the Earth and an object, acts straight down toward the center of Earth?
Definition
weight
Term
What is another name for Newton's First Law?
Definition
the law of inertia
Term
What is the tendency of an object to resist change?
Definition
inertia
Term
Since velocity includes both speed and direction of motion, what is required to change either the speed or direction?
Definition
a net force
Term
What is the net force on an object when it's zero?
Definition
equilibrium
Term
What kind of force do scales exert when someone stands on them?
Definition
upward
Term
What is the force an object experiences as a result of all the forces acting on it, giving the object an acceleration?
Definition
apparent weight
Term
no contact forces are pushing up on the object and the object's apparent weight is zero (not zero actual weight)
Definition
weightlessness
Term
What is force exerted by a fluid on the object moving through the fluid (note- air is a type of fluid)?
Definition
drag force
Term
What causes the magnitude of the drag force to increase?
Definition
the speed of the air increases
Term
What is the constant velocity reached when the drag force equals the force of gravity?
Definition
terminal velocity
Term
no net force results in what?
Definition
no acceleration
Term
What are greatly affected by a drag force and quickly reach terminal velocity?
Definition
light objects with large surface area
Term
What are two forces that are in opposite directions and have equal magnitude (action- reaction pair of forces- exist together or not at all)?
Definition
interaction pair
Term
All forces come in pairs. The force on one object is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction the other.
Definition
Newton's 3rd Law
Term
What occurs on a moving object, force exerted on one surface by another when the two surfaces rub against each other because on e or both are moving?
Definition
kinetic friction
Term
What kind of friction is a force exerted on one surface by another when there is no motion between the two surfaces?
Definition
static friction
Term
What relates frictional to normal force?
Definition
coefficient of kinetic friction
Term
What is the maximum static friction that must be overcome before motion begins?
Definition
coefficient of static friction
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