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Test 3
BIOL 101 test number 3
31
Biology
Undergraduate 2
03/22/2011

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Term
What is a Genotype?
Definition
The genetic makeup depending on the alleles inherited from the parents
Term
What is a Phenotype?
Definition
How the alleles are expressed.
Term
What are the bases of DNA?
Definition
ACGT
Term
What pairs with Adenine?
Definition
Thymine
Term
What pairs with Thymine?
Definition
Adenine
Term
What pairs with Guanine?
Definition
Cytosine
Term
What pairs with Cytosine?
Definition
Guanine
Term
What is a haploid cell?
Definition
A cell that contains one complete set of Chromosomes.
Term
What is a Diploid cell?
Definition
A cell that contains two sets of chromosomes
Term
What is Semi-Conservative Replication?
Definition
The process through which a strand of DNA seperates and two new strands are formed and attached to the old halves
Term
What does it mean to be heterozygous?
Definition
to have different genes
Term
What does it mean to be homozygous?
Definition
To have genes that are the same
Term
What is a parent cell?
Definition
The cell from which the daughter cells are derived
Term
What are daughter cells?
Definition
The two cells that are formed from one parent cell.
Term
What is a Chromosome?
Definition
Pairs of genetic information-you get one from each parent
Term
What is a zygote?
Definition
The result of the fertilization process when the two gametes meet
Term
What is an allele?
Definition
They are the alternative forms of a gene
Term
What is Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment?
Definition
Allele pairs separate independently during gamete formation
Term
What does Mendel's Law of Independent assortment mean?
Definition
Traits are transmitted to offspring independently of one another
Term
What is a Punnett Square?
Definition
A diagram created to use the Genotype passed on from the parents to predict the phenotype of the offspring. 2x2
Term
What is a dihybrid cross?
Definition
It allows for the determination of two traits because the parents are heterozygous for those traits.
Term
What is Mitosis?
Definition
Cell division in which copies of Chromosomes are separated into two cells, producing two daughter cells from one parent.
Term
What is Meiosis?
Definition
A specialized cell division that involves a diploid cell.
Term
How many stages of Meiosis are there?
Definition
There are 8 stages in meiosis
Term
How many cells are formed from Meiosis?
Definition
Four cells
Term
What type of cells are formed from Meiosis?
Definition
Haploid Cells
Term
What are the stages of Meiosis?
Definition
prophase 1, Metaphase 1, Anaphase 1, Telophase 1, Prophase 2, Metaphase 2, Anaphase 2, and telophase 2
Term
How many
Definition
Term
How many stages are there in Mitosis?
Definition
Four stages
Term
How many stages are there in Mitosis?
Definition
Four stages
Term
What are the stages of Mitosis?
Definition
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase
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