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| a bit of a dandy, well dressed and interested in looking at fashion and events, person who strolls leisurely through the city. |
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| Japanese art influence, flat looking, etc. |
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| print making using a stone, utilizes water and grease properties, can make multiple copies. |
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| The technique involves breaking color into its basic elements, painting in very small and regular dots. From a distance the multiple dots form an optical mixture of color. The best known example is Seurat's Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte (1884-1886). |
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| a style of painting in which small distinct points of primary colors create the impression of a wide selection of secondary and intermediate colors. The technique relies on the perceptive ability of the eye and mind of the viewer to mix the color spots into a fuller range of tones and is related closely to Divisionism, a more technical variant of the method. |
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| can be considered the first political and satirical French newspaper of that period combining politics and contemporary art. |
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| Synthetist artists aimed to synthesize three features. The outward appearance of natural forms, the artist’s feelings about their subject, and the purity of the aesthetic considerations of line, color and form. |
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| people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics. Avant-garde represents a pushing of the boundaries of what is accepted as the norm or the status quo, primarily in the cultural realm. |
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| Analytic cubists "analyzed" natural forms and reduced the forms into basic geometric parts on the two-dimensional picture plane. Colour was almost non-existent except for the use of a monochromatic scheme that often included grey, blue and ochre. Instead of an emphasis on colour, Analytic cubists focused on forms like the cylinder, sphere and the cone to represent the natural world. |
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| a pushing of several objects together. Picasso, through this movement, was the first to use text in his artwork (to flatten the space), and the use of mixed media—using more than one type of medium in the same piece. |
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| a work of formal art, primarily in the visual arts, made from an assemblage of different forms, thus creating a new whole. |
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| an art movement that originated in Italy at the beginning of the 20th century. The Italian poet Filippo Tommaso Marinetti was the first among them to produce a manifesto of their artistic philosophy in his Manifesto of (1909). Marinetti summed up the major principles of the Futurists, including a passionate loathing of ideas from the past, especially political and artistic traditions. He and others also espoused a love of speed, technology, and violence. |
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| an art movement focused on fundamental geometric forms (in particular the square and circle) which formed in Russia in 1915-1916. |
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| a surrealist technique involving spontaneous writing, drawing, or the like practiced without conscious aesthetic or moral self-censorship. Developed by the surrealists, as a means of expressing the subconscious. In automatic drawing, the hand is allowed to move 'randomly' across the paper. In applying chance and accident to mark-making, drawing is to a large extent freed of rational control. Hence the drawing produced may be attributed in part to the subconscious and may reveal something of the psyche, which would otherwise be repressed. |
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| in frottage the artist takes a pencil or other drawing tool and makes a "rubbing" over a textured surface. The drawing can be left as is or used as the basis for further refinement. |
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| is a decorative technique by which engravings and prints may be transferred to pottery or other materials. |
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| organized by Georges Rouault, André Derain, Henri Matisse and Albert Marquet as a reaction to the conservative policies of the official Paris Salon. The exhibition almost immediately became the showpiece of developments and innovations in 20th century painting and sculpture. |
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| Der Blaue Reiter was a German movement lasting from 1911 to 1914, fundamental to Expressionism. The founded the group in response to the rejection of Kandinsky's painting Last Judgement from an exhibition. Der Blaue Reiter lacked a central artistic manifesto, but was centred around Kandinsky and Marc. Artists Gabriele Münter and Paul Klee were also involved. |
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| Behind glass painting done on top of glass which is turned around making color more brilliant. |
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| is a doctrine of religious philosophy and metaphysics originating with Helena Petrovna Blavatsky. In this context, theosophy holds that all religions are attempts by the "Spiritual Hierarchy" to help humanity in evolving to greater perfection, and that each religion therefore has a portion of the truth. |
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| is the belief that art should not be the reproduction of real objects, but the expression of the absolutes of life. To the artists’ way of thinking, the only absolutes of life were vertical and horizontal lines and the primary colors. To this end neoplasticisist only used planar elements and the colors red, yellow, and blue. |
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| describes art created from the undisguised, but often modified, use of objects that are not normally considered art, often because they already have a mundane, utilitarian function. |
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| concrete with metal and/or mesh added to provide extra support against stresses. |
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| a three dimensional assemblage of materials |
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| Gesture painting evolved out of the work of artists such as Jackson Pollock and Willem De Kooning. For them, the canvas was "an arena in which to act," and the image on the canvas was "not a picture but an event." |
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| Combined paintings, sculpture, collage, and found objects. Example is odalisk by Rauschenberg. |
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