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multiple views each showing 2 of 3 dimensions |
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single view with all three dimensions presented |
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center line, hidden line, extension line, dimension line, visible line |
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one way to visualize multiview projections: |
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standard projection of U.S. drawings: |
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imaginary ray between object and observers eye |
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plane upon which the LOS is projected |
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1. Determine H, W , D 2. Box in Views 3. Proportion Features and project 4. add circular views 5. darken outlines 6. add center lines |
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3 main parts of design process: |
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1. Conceptual Design 2. Preliminary Design 3. Detailed Design |
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Problem Definition of Design Process: |
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1. clarify objectives 2. establish user requirements 3. identify user constraints 4. establish functions |
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desired attributes or behaviors |
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strict limits the design must meet |
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successful actions the design must perform |
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ways to execute your functions |
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What is an Objective Tree? |
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graphical representation of objectives list |
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How to create and Objectives List: |
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1. create list of of responses to problem 2. remove miscellaneous stuff 3. group similar objectives 4. created indented outline of hiearchy 5. identify similar objectives |
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Pairwise comparison chart: |
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1. Directly compare 2 objectives 1 more important 0 less important 2. compare objectives from common node, at same sublevel |
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-select among design alternatives - how well objectives are met |
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1. Identify units and scale 2. Identify means of assessing value( survey or design) 3. Evaluate if measurement and evaluation is feasible |
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Performance Specifications |
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how well design performs required functions |
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when generating alternative designs: |
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1. know what already exists 2. breakdown into subcategories ( use morphological shart) 3. brainstorm ( 6 3 5 ) |
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develop concepts for each functions |
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1. timeline 2. workbreakdown structure 3. gantt chart |
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Work Break Down Structure |
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hiearchial breakdown of project tasks - breakdown tasks into smaller more manageable tasks |
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Linear Responsibility Chart |
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task responsibility of each individual |
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project deadlines and schedules |
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highlights prescendent relationships among project tasks |
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graphical representation of timing of project tasks |
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View Selection and Presentation: |
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-views for best shape -least number of hidden lines -space between views for dimensions -most descriptive features |
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-label surfaces -number vertices -create physical models -study multiview drawings -solve missing line problems |
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1. Visible 2. Hidden/Cutting Plane 3. Center |
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line in a multiview represents: |
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-edge view of a plane -non tangential intersection lines -limit of curved feature |
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1. normal 2. inclined 3. oblique |
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parallel to one of standard viewing planes
-looks like edge in other views |
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-perpendicular to one of standard planes
-forshortened in other views |
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not parallel or perpendicuar to any standard view |
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when feature is not parallel to projection plane: |
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indicates extent of dimension |
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indicates circular symmetry |
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inclined line tying note to a feature |
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Dimensioning conventions: |
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- english, assume inches - metrics, assume millimeters - no units |
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Principles of good dimensioning: |
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-include sufficient dimensions -dimension each feature once -dont dimension hidden lines if possible -avoiding dimensioning inside object -dimension holes in circular view -dimension cylinders in rectangular view -dimension arcs>180 diameter, arcs <180 radius -extension lines should not touch object -extension lines should not cross dimension lines |
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Problem Definition Stages: |
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1. Problem Definition 2. Project Framework 3. Project Scheduling 4. Project Tracking and Evaluation |
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