Term
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Definition
Reaction facilitators -
essential for bioreaction to take place
determine how fast a bioreaction will occur ,
reaction Specific- for every bioreaction there is only one enzyme sicne there are thousands of bioreactions in metabolism there are 1000's of enzymes
"to name the enzyme name of substrate-+ 'ase'-( lipid-+ase= lipase),
Catalysts- meaning they are involved in bioreactions but arent changed by the reaction - therefore reusable.
enzymes reduce amt- of activation energy required for a reaction to take placce
a + B = C - product
reactant
sunstrate |
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Term
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Definition
| non protein enzyme helpers that influence the shape of the adhesive site, and increase an enzymes utility -minerals are co-factors and are similar |
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Term
| Factors Affecting Rate of Enzyme Activity |
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Definition
TApHSA-
Temperature
amount of concentration
level of acidity-pH
Surface Area |
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Term
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Definition
| as temperature raises - rate increases to optimum and after that the heat causes the substrate complex to denature.(37*) |
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Term
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Definition
| rate increases and substrate concentration increases until saturation point after that point the only way to increaase substrates is to add more enzymes |
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Term
| pH-level of acidity or alkalinity |
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Definition
an expression of how acidic or basic a substance is
pH level less than 7 |
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Term
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Definition
react w/ indicators to produce color change
litmus- red/pink
phenophthaline- smoky white
H+ ions = acid |
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Term
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Definition
OH- ions= base
pH level greater than 7
litmus paper- blue
phenophthaline- fuschia |
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Term
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Definition
An enzyme found in stomach fluids that breaks down proteins.
-gastric protease
A proteolytic enzyme that hydrolyzes protiens into amino acids for transport into blood stream -> cells
only works in the acidic environment of the stomach where HCL is secreted to lower the pH to 2.5 |
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Term
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Definition
intestinal protease
A proteolytic enzyme that hydrolyzes protiens into amino acids for transport into blood stream -> cells
works best in teh basic environment of intestines where bicarbonate neutralizes the acids and creates pH of 8 |
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Term
| The Cell Theory- attempt to unite all living organism |
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Definition
3 statements-
1. cells are basic structural and functional units of life.
2. cells come from preexisting cells
3. cells perform the 8 metabolic life functions to maintain homestasis |
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Term
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Definition
Viruses-
Mitochondria/Chloroplasts
Origins OF 1st Cell |
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Term
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Definition
| not cells - still reproduce using DNA and RNA |
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Term
| Mitochondria/Chloroplasts |
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Definition
organelles of cells yet hav their own DNA which tehy use to reproduce inside cells
(endosymbyotic theory_ |
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Term
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Definition
the question we have on the preexisting cells - where did th first cell come from?
non cellular material |
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Term
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Definition
| inside cell-Cell or organism lacking a membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| outside cell-Cell or organism with a membrane-bound |
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Term
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Definition
Anton Van leeuenhoek
Robert Hooke
Robert Brown
Matthius Schleiden
Thomas Schwarm
Rudolph Virchow |
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Term
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Definition
| first microscope -used to see micro-org's in pond water |
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Term
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Definition
| invented 2 lens microscope. first to sue term "cells" |
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Term
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Definition
| saw and named spot in the middle of cell- called NUCLEUS |
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Term
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Definition
| Botanist- stated all plants are made of cells |
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Term
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Definition
| zoologist that stated all animal are made of cells |
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Term
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Definition
| cells come from other cells -2nd statement |
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Term
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Definition
deoxyribonucleic acid-
code sequencing amino acids into protiens
double helix |
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Term
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Definition
ribonucleic acid
copies the code from DNA
"transcription"
leaves the pores of teh nuclear membrance because DNA cant leave. |
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Term
| Chargoff's Base Pairing Rule |
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Definition
TAGC-
(thymene - adenine-)
(guanine- cytosine) |
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