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1.Which Histomesform core nucleosome ? |
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Definition
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Term
1.How much DNA is packed into a nucleosome |
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Definition
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Term
1.What is the size of a bead on the string fiber? |
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Definition
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1.What makes bead on the string fiber fold into the more compact level of fiber |
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Definition
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Term
1.What is the size of the fiber |
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Definition
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Term
1.Area of chromosomes where it exists in the form of heterochromatin in interphase |
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Definition
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Term
1.What are types of covalent modifications of histones? |
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Definition
1.Acetylation, Methylation, Ubiautiantion, Phosphoylation |
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Term
1.What part modifies often? |
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Definition
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Term
1.What binds to the acetylated residues of histones |
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Definition
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Term
1.What binds to the methylated residues of histones |
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Definition
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Term
1.What kind sequence are used to build telomeres? |
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Definition
1.Telomere uses simple tandem repeats |
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Term
1.What is the difference between G-rich & C-rich strands? |
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Definition
1.G-rich has a -3’ overhang at the end |
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Term
1.What is the structure of t-loop) Draw |
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Definition
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Term
| Why do telomeres tend to become shorter during replications |
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Definition
1.DNA pol cannot replicate the ends of DNA |
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Term
| Describe a mechanism can be used to lengthen telomere discontinuously |
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Definition
| Reverse transcription with reverse transcriptase |
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Term
1.What other mechanisms can be used to lengthen telomere continuously. |
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Definition
1.Other mechanisms- transposes and recombination |
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Term
| What are 3 types of telomere building proteins |
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Definition
1.3 types- end-binding proteins, double stranded binding proteins, and proteins that associate with DNA binding proteins |
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Term
1.What happens when they overexpressed |
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Definition
1.Overexpressed- they become shorter telomeres |
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Term
1.Consequences of telomere loss. |
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Definition
1.The cell with the unprotected end is “repaired” as a DNA break which causes broken chromosome and will join the chromosome back together |
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Term
1.What chromosome territory? |
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Definition
1.Chromosomal territory- each chromosome will occupy own space |
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Term
1. How does location of Chromosomal region in the nucleus correlate with transcriptional. |
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Definition
| Increase location of a chromosomal region increase transcription |
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Term
1.What happens in nucleolus part of the nucleolus that contains the ribosome RNA gene. |
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Definition
1.Nucleolus- part of nucleus that transcribes rRNA |
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Term
1.Mechanisms used by nucleosome remodeling complex |
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Definition
1.Mechanism used by NRC
1.Sliding histones
2.Removing histones
3.Introducing loops into DNA |
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Term
1.Domain always present in structure of NRC’s |
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Definition
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Term
1.How do NRCS bind chromatin |
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Definition
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Term
1.What is base flipping? How does it work? |
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Definition
1.Mechanism
•A cytosine (red) is flipped out of the DNA double-helix (black)
•An amino acid is temporarily inserted to stack in the double-helix
•The cytosine is methylated and reinserted into the double-helix
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Term
1.When mismatches are introduced by DNA polymerase and is not repaired during replication. How do bacteria identify wrong nucleotides to be replaced |
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Definition
1.The recognition sites of the mismatches are not methylated. |
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Term
1.Meaning of DNA methylation in Eukaryotes in Eukaytes? |
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Definition
1.In Eukaryotes- Silent transcription ( CGP or CPXPS sites) |
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Term
1.What reason for bacteria to have both DNA methylate's and restriction endonucleases modifying and cleaning the same sequence. |
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Definition
| The Bacteria will sue methy;lation to ddistinguish their genomic DNA from invading bacteriophage DNA. The restriction enzyme is used to cut DNA at sites containing particular recognition sequences. |
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Term
1.What is Epigenetic inheritance? |
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Definition
1.Heritable alternations in which the DNA sequence itself is changed |
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Term
1.What modification used to silence one X chromosome in females |
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Definition
1.X-Chromosome inactivation |
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Term
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Definition
| Separating euchromatin and net euchromatin |
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Term
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Definition
1.Divide heterochromatin & euchromatin |
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Term
| Does position effect variegation in drosophi one example of epigenetic inheritance |
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Definition
1.Yes it is due to the fact that white gene is moved closer to the heterochromatin and the boundary element between them is removed. The White gene is silenced when the heterochromatin encroaches onto the white gene and covers it up. |
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Term
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Definition
1.Regional point and hollowcentric |
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Term
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Definition
1.Point
2.Regional
3.Holocentric |
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Term
1.What is the size of human centromeres, what sequences do they contain and how these sequences are arranged |
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Definition
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Term
1.Version of H3 are bound to DNA in human centromere |
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Definition
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Term
1.What happens when a centromeric region is removed from the chromosome |
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Definition
1.Self-propagation will not oc cur, and a functional centromere will not be established at that location. |
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