Term
| no ribosomes, synthesis of phospholipids and cholesterol, synthesis of steroid hormones (androgens and estrogens),synthesis and storage of glycogen in skeletal muscle and liver cells |
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Definition
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Term
| covered by ribosomes "shipping depot" for proteins |
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Definition
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Term
| packaging center of cell (esp glycoproteins and enzymes), Golgi consists of 5-6 flat membrane discs called cisternae |
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Definition
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Term
| contain secretions for transport |
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Definition
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Term
| "garbage disposals"- contain enzymes that help break down harmful or very large substances to prevent harm to cell, clean up and recycle (ex unused muscle) |
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Definition
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Term
| "powerhouse" of the cell, the membrane folds inside are crystal, here a phosphate group is added to ADP to form ATP, break down of ATP yields energy |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is one glucose broken down into to pyruvic acid molecules without the presence of oxygen- anaerobic portion of cellular respiration (2 ATP) |
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Definition
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Term
| without the presence of oxygen |
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Definition
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Term
| What its it called when pyretic acids move into the mitochondria and CO2 is released leading to the tricarboxylic acid cycle and requires oxygen? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are ADP molecules are turned int 36 ATP molecules? |
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Definition
| after aerobic respiration, these molecules are broken down and the leftover hydrogen atoms are delivered by carrier proteins to the crystal where the electrons are removed from the hydrogens (electron transport chain) |
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Term
| How many ATP molecules can one glucose produce in cellular respiration? |
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Definition
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Term
| the electrons are removed from the hydrogens |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the other two names for the tricarboxylic acid cycle? |
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Definition
| Kreb's Cycle or Citric Acid Cycle |
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Term
| in the nucleus and synthesize ribosomal RNA and ribosomes, it is made of RNA, enzymes and proteins called histones |
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Definition
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Term
| What are strands of DNA called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do strands of DNA called chromatin coil around to form chromosomes during cell division? |
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Definition
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Term
| functional unit of heredity, contains all the DNA triplets needed to produce specific proteins |
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Definition
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Term
| Since DNA cannot leave the cell's nucleus, how does it get to the cytoplasm where proteins are made? |
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Definition
| a copy is carried as messenger RNA |
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Term
| What is protein synthesis? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| permanent changes in DNA that affects the nucleotide sequence of one or more gene |
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Definition
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Term
| movement of molecules from high to low concentrations |
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Definition
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Term
| movement of water from high to low concentrations (no cellular energy required) |
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Definition
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Term
| no net movement in or out of cell |
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Definition
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Term
| too many particles in cell so water moves in (swell) |
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Definition
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Term
| too many particles outside, water out (shrink) |
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Definition
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Term
| occurs when large molecules are moved in or out of cell with help of carrier proteins when molecules bond to a receptor site on the protein (no cellular energy required) |
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Definition
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Term
| What moves like facilitated diffusion? |
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Definition
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Term
| requires energy to move materials from low to high concentrations |
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Definition
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Term
| Cations (Na+0 excess outside cell and K+ in cell- requires energy to keep homeostasis (K+ that leaks out is brought back in and Na+ that comes in is pumped back out) |
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Definition
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Term
| movement into cell using saclike vesicles |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| takes in solids using extensions of cytoplasm called pseudopodia |
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Definition
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Term
| What engulfs bacteria, cell debris, etc; |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What does cell division produce? |
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Definition
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Term
| genetically controlled death of cells |
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Definition
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Term
| duplication of cell;s genetic material |
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Definition
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Term
| division of nuclear material of somatic cells |
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Definition
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Term
| cell division that produces sex cells with 23 chromosomes each |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a growth period for a cell (g1, S, g2) and may take up to 21 hours then mitosis (PMAT)- about 1-3 hours then division of cytoplasm or cytokineses |
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Definition
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Term
| chromosomes appear, spindle fibers extend between two pairs of centrioles, nucleoli disappear |
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Definition
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Term
| chromosomes align in middle of cell |
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Definition
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Term
| centromere of each chromatid pari splits and chromatids separate and got to each end of cell |
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Definition
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Term
| nuclei enlarge, chromosomes uncoil, chromatin reappears |
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Definition
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Term
| abnormal "overgrowth" of cells |
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Definition
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Term
| remains in one place, not generally life threatening |
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Definition
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Term
| cells spread or metastasis forming cancer |
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Definition
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Term
| modified genes that cause cells to grow uncontrollably |
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Definition
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Term
| where cells become specialized |
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Definition
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Term
| collections of specialized cells that perform a specific function |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are the four basic types of tissues? |
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Definition
| epithelial, connective, muscle, neural or nerve |
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