Term
| what are the three most common views for the abdomen |
|
Definition
| supine, upright, and left lateral decub |
|
|
Term
| what is the abdomen divided into |
|
Definition
| 4 quadrants: LUQ, LLQ, RUQ, RLQ |
|
|
Term
| what are the three parts of the small bowel (proximal to distal) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which bowel usually contains less gas |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| crossing the entire width of the bowel, found in the small bowel |
|
|
Term
| what are the parts of the large bowel |
|
Definition
| appendix, cecum, ascending, transverse, and descending colon, hepatic and splenic flexure, sigmoid and rectum |
|
|
Term
| where is the large bowel located |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| folds that do not cross the length of the bowel width, found in the large bowel |
|
|
Term
| what is the deal with the bilateral flank fat stripes |
|
Definition
| they are located adjacent to the ascending and descending colon, can't be bigger then a pinky width |
|
|
Term
| what are the two cavities of the abdomen |
|
Definition
| peritoneal and retroperitoneal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| free fluid in the peritoneal cavity (indicated by fat flank stripes) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an opening or space in the interior of a hollow structure |
|
|
Term
| indicator of air inside the bowel |
|
Definition
| dilation, air fluid levels |
|
|
Term
| where will you see stones in the abdomen |
|
Definition
| bladder, gallbladder, kidney, pancreas, and ureters |
|
|
Term
| where will you see calcifications in the abdomen |
|
Definition
| appendicolith, pancreatic calcifications, abdominal aortic aneurism(aaa) |
|
|
Term
| what does free air out of the bowel lumen indicate |
|
Definition
| that the bowel may be perferated: catastrophic, urgent surgery |
|
|
Term
| why is a bowel perferation catastrophic |
|
Definition
| because bowel contents can seep into the paratineal cavity and cause infection. |
|
|
Term
| what are the most frequent locations of bowel perferations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Abdominal aortic aneurysm |
|
Definition
| out-pouching of wall that can burst |
|
|
Term
| pancreatic calcifications |
|
Definition
| several small, white calcification's that are usually associated with chronic pancreatitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small calcification in the appendix that is usually a clinical diagnosis |
|
|
Term
| what is often associated with cecal volvulus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does a cecal volvulus look like? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does a sigmoid volvulus look like |
|
Definition
| coffee bean or inverted U |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does an obstruction cause the bowel to do |
|
Definition
| proximal dilates while the distal colapses |
|
|
Term
| what can cause a bowel obstruction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| loops of bowel become paralyzed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
straight horizontal line with air above and fluid below
- a condition that MUST be explained |
|
|
Term
| what must the bowel diameter be in order for it to be considered dilated |
|
Definition
3 cm for small bowel
6 cm for large bowel
9 cm for cecum |
|
|
Term
| how can you distinguish the small bowel from the large bowel |
|
Definition
| location, size, and folds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does an abscess look like |
|
Definition
| black air collection not in a bowel location or with bowel features |
|
|
Term
| what is pneumobilia a result of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does the liver normally look like |
|
Definition
| homogeneous fluid density |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does an increase in free air indicate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when is free air in the abdomen |
|
Definition
| post op, body takes 10 days to resorb it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| air outside and inside the bowel allowing you to visualize the inner and outer aspect of the bowel |
|
|
