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Test 2
Test 2
32
Environmental Studies
Undergraduate 1
10/21/2012

Additional Environmental Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What is Bisphenol A (BPA)
Definition
synthetic organic compound
Term
What does BPA do?
Definition
  • leeches into food, air, water, our bodies
    • 93 percent of americans have it

 

  • BPA mimics bad estrogen

 

  • Causes cancer, nerve damage
    • Etremeley low doses

 

 

Term
Environmental Health
Definition
Assesses environmental factors that influence human health and quality of life
Term
Physical Hazard:
Definition
Occur naturally in environment 
Term
Chemically Hazard:
Definition
Synthetic and natural chemicals
Term
Biological Hazards
Definition

Result from ecological interactions

  • infectious disease 
Term

Cultural Hazards:

 

Definition
Results from our lifestyle
Term
Infectious Disease Kills how many p/year
Definition
14 million
Term
Vector:
Definition
Host to transfer disease
Term
Toxicology: 
Definition
Study of effects of poisonous substances on humans and other organisms 
Term
Infectous Disease causes what % of the nations death?
Definition
50%
Term
Toxicity:
Definition
The degree of harm a chemical can inflict
Term
Toxicant:
Definition
Anything toxic to you
Term
Environmental Toxicology 
Definition
deals with toxic substances that comes from or are discharged into the enviorment
Term
Indoor Health Hazards
Definition
  • Modern Americans spend about 90% of lives indoor
  • Cigarette smoke and radon are leading indoor hazards and are the top 2 causes of lung cancer
  • Asbestos dangerous when inhaled
  • lead in pipes and gasoline
  • PBDE compund used for fire retardence in:
    • computers, television, furniture, plastics
Term
Risk vs Reward
Definition
  • Chemicals have given us high standard of life
  • Industrial agriculture of food
  • Modern materials and converniances
  • Medical Advances
Term
Toxins:
Definition
Toxic chemicals manufactored in the tissues of living organisms
Term
Synthetic Chemicals in Enviorment
Definition
  • Babies born with chemicals in body
  • pesticides for insects and weeds find way into soil, air, and water - and into humans
  • Humans carry over 100s of industrial chemicals in our body
Term
Organisms Defense
Definition
  • Organisms are used to natrual toxicans
  • Surface barriers - Skin, scales, feathers
    • ingestion
  • We can store toxins
    • defenses can be overloaded if levels get too high
  • No defense against synthetics
Term

Different individuals respond to hazards differently

 

Definition
  • genetics can alter responses
  • people in poor health are more sensitive
  • sensitivity varies dependent on age and sex
  • EPA sets standards for response based on adults, not infants who are more sensitive
Term
Acute exposure
Definition
  • High exposure for a short time
  • easy to recognize
  • stem from a distinct event
  • toxicty tests reflect effects of acute toxicity 

 

Term
Chronic Exposure
Definition
  • Low exposure
  • More common
  • harder to detect
  • effects organs gradually
Term
Persistance levels
Definition
  • some degrade quickly and become harmless
  • Some degrade and become more toxic
  • toxicants can degrade into simpler products
Term
Toxicants in water
Definition
  • runoff concentrates contaminants in surface water
  • Waste water treatment plants release toxins, pharmaceuticals, and detoxification products
  • water soluble chemicals enter organisms through drinking and absorption
Term
Geology
Definition
The study of the earths physical features, process, and history
Term
Core:
Definition

Solid iron in the center

    • Molten iron in the outer core
Term

Mantle

 

Definition

Thick layer of dense, elastic rock called the mantle

    • portion of upper mantle called asthesosphere contains soft rock, melted in some areas
Term
lithosphere
Definition

harder rock above asthenosphere

    • contains mantle and the crust
      • Crust: brittle; low density, thin
Term
Order from center layers of earth(5)
Definition
  1. inner core
  2. outter core
  3. lower mantle
  4. upper mantle
  5. crust
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