Term
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Definition
-lack of nerve impulses at myoneural junction
-fatigue, muscle weakness (eye, swallowing, breathing, extremities)
-symptoms: drooling, speech problems, ptosis (drooping eyelid, 1st symptom)
-can affect diaphragm
-acetylcholine deficit or increased acetylcholinesterase at myoneural junction--> destroys acetylcholine receptor sites |
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Term
|
Definition
-underdosing of med w/ extreme muscle weakness
-difficulty breathing & swallowing
-give Tensilon to see what happens |
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Term
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Definition
-overdose of med w/ extreme muscle weakness
-sweating, salivation, bradycardia, miosis, may require ventilation
-antidote is Atropine IV |
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Term
| Cholinesterase Inhibitors |
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Definition
-inhibits action of acetylcholinesterase enzyme
ex: Mestinon, Tensilon, Prostigmine |
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Term
| *pyridostigmine (Mestinon) |
|
Definition
-cholinesterase inhibitor, prevents destrucion of acetylcholine
-longer-acting
-60-120 mg TID (every 8 hrs)
SE: excess saliva, sweating, abd cramps
-Adverse: hypotension, bradycardia, urticaria, seizure, resp. depression, dysrhythmias |
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Term
|
Definition
-cholinesterase inhibitor, for diagnosing MG
-temporary, only lasts minutes
-2 mg IV |
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Term
| neostigmine (Prostigmine) |
|
Definition
-cholinesterase inhibitor, controls MG
-long-acting
-must be given timely
-oral, IM, IV |
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Term
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Definition
-attack of myelin sheath in brain & spinal cord, causing plaques
-typically in women in 30's-40's, 50's
-acute=remission/exacerbation
-chronic=progressive
-avoid beta blockers, NSAIDs, H2 blockers
-treat w/ steroids, ACTH, Interferon B, immune modifiers |
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Term
| Skeletal Muscle Relaxants |
|
Definition
-for sprain, strain, spasticity; cerebral palsy, MS, CVA, SCI, muscle spasm
-central-acting, suppress hyperactive reflex muscle spasms (relax muscles in spasm)
-act on spinal cord
ex: Soma, Flexeril, Parafon Forte, Skelaxin, Lioresal |
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Term
|
Definition
-skeletal muscle relaxant for MS
-350 mg TID & HS
-SE: dizziness, weakness, insomnia
-Adverse: tachycardia, hypotension, asthma
CI: liver/renal disease |
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Term
| Drugs for acute muscle spasms |
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Definition
-Flexeril
-Parafon Forte
-Skelaxin |
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Term
| Drug for central muscle spasm |
|
Definition
-Lioresal
-5-20 mg TID
-for spasticity from MS & SCI |
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Term
|
Definition
-avoid alcohol & CNS depressants
-take with food to decrease GI distress
-monitor VS
-avoid heat
-monitor LFT's
-do not drive
-don't stop abruptly
-do not take > 3 weeks if for spasms |
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Term
| Depolarizing Muscle Relaxants |
|
Definition
-Pavulon - relax abd wall muscles
-Anectine - relax skeletal muscles
-tubocurarine - anesthesia intubation |
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