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James Ensor, The Entry of Christ into Brussels in 1889, 1888-89. Symbolism/Expressionism.
People are more concerned with themselves than Christ's coming |
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Edvard Munch, The Scream, 1893. Oil & tempura on board Symbolism/Expressionism.
-Internal anciety and fear
-panic attack
-relatable
-painting in a way thats meant to convey emotions
-brush strokes represent waves |
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Henri Matisse, The Open Window, 1905. Fauvism.
Leaves open canvas in many areas
-oil on canvas |
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Matisse, The Joy of Life, 1905-6. Oil on Canvas. Fauvism.
-lighthearted, meditative
-love making, sun bathing, gathering flowers, etc
-pastoral landscape
-high key, antinaturalistic colors
-flattened space and perspective
-flow of contour moving around painting
-not a lot of shading (more tinting)
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Matisse, Blue Nude: Memory of Biskra, 1907. Oil on Canvas. Fauvism.
-work inspired by a small African statuette he bought in the Rue de Rennes; Briska is Algeria
-Matisse more interested in making art than replicating exact form of a womans body
-Not interested in breathing in life into painting
-Painting from memory |
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Matisse, Reclining Nude 1, 1906-07. Bronze.
-similar to Blue Nude (memory of figure, not particular person)
-not eroticized
-more interested in figure as play of volumes
-abstract figure
-movement in form
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Constantin Brancusi, Sleeping Muse 1, 1909-10. Marble.
-shaped like an egg
-hinted facial features
-like sleeping (calm on outside, changing on the inside)
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Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Street, Dresden 1908. Die Brücke/German Expressionsim. Oil on Canvas
-Urban scene
-rise of industrialization
-influenced by Munch & Matisse
-plunging perspective(like munch)
-2 women in foreground are prostitutes
-lifting up skirts to reveal undergarments
-claw like hand placed over lap
-claw represents death - probably from STD
-everyone on street is sinister
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Wassily Kandinsky, Composition VII, 1913. Der Blaue Reiter/German Expressionism.
Theosophy refers to systems of speculation or investigation seeking direct knowledge of the mysteries of being and nature, with particular concern on the nature of Divinity.
interested in theosophy -
-inner necessity of the viewer
-spiritual connection
~The Blue Rider
~a group of artists from germany
~fundamental to Expressionism, along with Die Brücke which was founded the previous decade
~kandinksy
~express spiritual truths through art
-primitivism
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Pablo Picasso, Les Demoiselles d’Avignon, 1907. Expressionism/proto-cubism.
-prostitutes
-egyptian influence: stiff figure (far left)
-african mask on one
misogyny: objectifying women
-revolutionized art world
-from left - greek archaic figure, center-classicized, right-african masks (Sculptural progression)
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George Braque, Violin and Palette, 1909. Analytic Cubism. Oil on Canvas
-artist paints what he sees not what he feels
-still life: renaissance elements
-simultaneity
-fragmentaion & reconstitution of objects
-Simultaneity - difficult to discern positive from neg space
multiple frames of reference
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Picasso, Portrait of Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler, 1910. Analytic Cubism. Oil on Canvas
-extreme flattening of visual space
-chiarsuro in shading
-no coherant figure
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Picasso, Still Life with Chair Caning, 1912. Synthetic Cubism.
Collage
-meant to be top of cafe table
-tropmp l'oeil
-things and artist would do at cafe )read book, eat pie, etc
-like a time lapse photo painting
-jou = play (painting is a game) |
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Picasso, Guitar, Sheet Music, and Wine Glass, 1912. Pasted papers, gouache, and charcoal on paper. Synthetic Cubism.
-avant garde
-rule breaking
-uses wallpaper |
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Picasso, Maquette for Guitar, October 1912. Cubist sculpture.
-construction of cardboard, string, and wire |
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Umberto Boccioni, The City Rises, 1910. Futurism. Oil on Canvas
-futurist (manifesto)
-laborers struggling with draft horses
-the great synthesis of light, labor, and movement
-building being built in background
-everything seems to be about change
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Boccioni, Development of a Bottle in Space, 1912. Futurism. silvered bronze
-not bottle, but the idea of a bottle (how do we think of a bottle? how do we see a bottle? etc)
-all these add up to idea
-moves away from depiction to representation and conceptual
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Carlo Carrà, Patriotic Celebration (Free-Word Painting), 1914. Pasted paper and newsprint on cloth. Futurism.
-meant to express visual equivilent of city
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Kazimir Malevich, Suprematist Composition: White Square on White, 1918. Suprematism. Oil on Canvas
-infinite space
-trace of artists hand visible
-faktura-associated with Russian Constructivism
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El Lissitzky, The Constructor (Self-Portrait), 1924. Gelatin Silver print.
-triple exposure
-the ey of the generation connecting to geometric form |
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Vladimir Tatlin, Monument to the Third International, 1919-20. Wood, iron, and glass. Constructivism.
-supposed to be 1000ft
-similar to Eiffel tower, spiral quality
-suggest motion, movement,
suggests techtonics -
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Aleksandr Rodchenko, Hanging Construction, 1920. Constructivism
-open plywood construction, wire and aluminum paint
-suggestes atomic model
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takes art in a new direction
fine art vs. craft
The Bridge: adopted as a metaphor, shapes of society
~Die Brucke
-bold colors, distorted forms, 2d, without perspective
-expresses intense emotion
-causes viewer to experience strong emotions |
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-futurist manifesto, F.T. Marinetti, 1909
-anti-romantic, highly emotive
-exalt science and technique in a poetic and lyrical way
-speed and glorification of war
-against the classics
-developed to glorify the urban life as well as machinery/industrialization |
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-reaction against naturalism and realism
-sought a deeper reality from within their imagination, dreams, and unconscious |
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~vivid expressionistic use of color
~flourished in Paris
~Matisse was leading figure.
~tthick brushstrokes
~color used to evoke emotion |
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- (The Bridge) was a group of German expressionist artists
- depicted landscapes, nudes, and carnival performers in strong colors and broad forms. They also revived the German woodcut tradition, but as a form of personal expression.
-saw themselves as the shapers (bridge arch shape) of society |
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| Stages of Cubism in Order |
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analytical - concerned with breaking down forms analytically into simplified geometric forms across the picture. colors fairly monochromatic to emphasize shape more thoroughly
synthetic- -focuses more on collage
-picassos still life w/chair caning
wasn't entirely made with paint, but by applying other textures to the painting plane such as bits of newspaper or tobacco wrappers.
proto- last stage, distortion of human body
It shows simultaneous views of the same subject in different ways |
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geometric abstractionist movement originated by Kazimir Malevich in Russia that influenced constructivism
focused on fundamental geometric forms (in particular the square and circle) |
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higher artistic and technical workshops
developed from futurism, began in russia
~acceptance of modernity
~emphasis on geometric shapes and experimentation
~simplification
movement wanted to sweep away everything before WWI. wanted peace and unity, |
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| mode of understanding and viewing space conceptually |
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