Term
| Thyroid gland is stimulated by |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What 3 hormones are secreted by the thyroid? |
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Definition
1. thyroxin
2. triiodothyronine
3. thyrocalcitonin |
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Term
| 3 functions of thyroid gland |
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Definition
1. hormone secretion
2. O2 metabolism an growth/development
3. Ca metabolism (decreases the amount of blood calcium) |
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Term
| 4 diseases of the thyroid gland |
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Definition
1. Cretinism
2. Myxedemia
3. Endemic Goiter
4. Graves Disease |
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Term
|
Definition
hypo secretion in children
underdeveloped brain and body |
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Term
|
Definition
hypo secretion in adults
gland atrophies |
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Term
| Endemic Goiter (hypo/hyper?) |
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Definition
hypo secretion
gland enlarges
obesity, lack of energy, drop in BMR |
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Term
| Graves Disease (hypo/hyper?) |
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Definition
hyper secretion
increase in metabolism
overactive, skinny, excess heat/energy, neuromuscular irritability |
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Term
| Parathyroid stimulated by |
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Definition
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Term
| What hormone is secreted by the parathyroid? |
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Definition
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Term
| 2 functions of the parathyroid |
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Definition
1. increases the amount of blood calcium
2. decreases the amount of blood phosphorus |
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Term
| Hypo disease of parathyroid |
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Definition
low Ca level
neuromuscular spasms
twitch sustained contraction |
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Term
| Hyper disease of parathyroid |
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Definition
high Ca level
brittle bones
susceptibility to bone breakage |
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Term
| Adrenal cortex contains these 2 glands |
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Definition
1. golmerular
2. fasicular
3. reticular |
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Term
| Glomeruler stimulated by (3) |
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Definition
1.levels of potassium in extracellular fluid
2. decrease in blood volume or Na deficiency |
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Term
| Fascicular/Reticular stimulated by |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Hormones secreted by glomerular |
|
Definition
| mineralo-corticoids like aldosterone |
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Term
| Hormone secreted by fasicular |
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Definition
| glucocortoids like cortisol |
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Term
| Hormone secreted by reticular (3) |
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Definition
1. some glucocortoids/sex hormones
2. testosterone and other androgens
3. estrogen/progesterone |
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Term
|
Definition
reabsorption of h20 and Na ions
excretion of potassium and hydrogen ions |
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Term
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Definition
| regulates fat, protein, and carb metabolism |
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Term
|
Definition
| amount secreted under normal circumstances is so low it has no signficance |
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Term
| Diseases of the Adrenal Cortex |
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Definition
Addison's disease
Cushing's Syndrome
Adrenal Virilism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
low levels of h20 and Na
low blood pressure
dehydration |
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|
Term
|
Definition
water retention
redistribution of fat from limb to trunk
hyperglycemia and fat catabolism |
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|
Term
|
Definition
tumor on gland results in higher than normal level of androgen secretion
(early male characteristics in both sexes) |
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Term
| Adrenal Medulla stimulated by |
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Definition
| stress -> impulses received by hypothalamus -> sympathetic nervous system -> increase in secretion by medulla |
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Term
| Adrenal medulla secretes both... |
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Definition
| adrenaline and noradrenaline |
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Term
| Functions of Adrenal Medulla (6) |
|
Definition
1. constrict skin and mucus membrane
2. dilate blood vessels
3. increase heart rate/bp
4. inhibit bronchial muscles
5. increase skeletal muscle contractions
6. dilate pupils |
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Term
| Posterior lobe of pituitary stimulated by |
|
Definition
1. oxytocin
2. Vasopressin (A.D.H) |
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Term
| Site of production of oxytocin/vasopressin... |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. initiates labor
2. stimulates milk ejection
3. stimulates smooth muscle contractions |
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|
Term
| Why is oxytocin given after labor? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Low levels of A.D.H cause |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is Diabetes Instipidus? |
|
Definition
too much water voided in urine
not enough reabsorption by kidneys |
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|
Term
| Anterior lobe of pituitary stimulated by |
|
Definition
| hypothalamus via releasing factors |
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Term
| 9 Hormones secreted by anterior lobe of pituitary |
|
Definition
1. T.S.H
2. A.C.T.H
3. S.T.H
4. Gonadotrophic hormones
5. FSH
6. LH
7. ICSH
8. LTH
9.MSH |
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Term
|
Definition
| stimulate thyroid activity |
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Term
|
Definition
| stimulate adrenal cortex secretion of glucocorticoids |
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Term
| Function of STH (growth hormone) |
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Definition
| stimulate protein anabolism/fat catabolism |
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Term
|
Definition
stimulates development of follicle and egg
stimulates spermatogenesis and seminiferous tubules |
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Term
|
Definition
| stimulates hormone secretion by interstitial cells of testes |
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Term
|
Definition
stimulates milk production by alveoli
helps maintain corpus luteum |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thyroid stimulating hormone |
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Term
|
Definition
| adrenocorticotrophic hormone |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| follicle stimulating hormone |
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Term
|
Definition
| interstitial cell stimulating hormone |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| melanocyte stimulating hormone |
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|
Term
| Diseases of anterior lobe of pituitary |
|
Definition
1. Dwarfism
2. Simmond's Disease
3. Gigantism
4. Acromegaly |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| emaciation, premature aging, hypergylcemia |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| enlargement of bones of jaw, forehead, fingers, and toes |
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|
Term
| Excess levels of MSH cause |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Specific gland of pancreas |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 hormones secreted by pancreas |
|
Definition
1. insulin in beta cells
2. glucagon in alpha cells |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| decreases blood glucose by increasing cell metabolism and converting to glycogen |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| increases blood glucose by breakdown of glycogen |
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|
Term
|
Definition
diabetes mellitus
hypogylcemic shock |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
high levels of glucose in blood/urine
frequent urination
thirst, weakness, coma, death
overdose of insulin |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| lymphocytes and plasma cells or anti-body formation/immunity |
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|
Term
| pineal body stimulated by |
|
Definition
| changes in light sensitivity |
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|
Term
| hormone secreted by pineal body |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
photoreceptor qualities
plays role in regulating menstrual cycle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ovaries secrete the 2 hormones |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| functions of the endocrine system |
|
Definition
-regulates, integrates, and coordinates all body activities
-homeostasis
-chemical secretion-target control |
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|
Term
| Nervous system charactistics |
|
Definition
nerve fibers react slowly
longer response time
lasts longer |
|
|
Term
| Endocrine system characteristics |
|
Definition
endocrine secretes/glands
response is quick
lasts shorter |
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|
Term
| trophic gland is the controller for |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| trophic gland secretes a __________ through the _________ then to the ________ and finally the _______ is secreted |
|
Definition
trophic hormone
blood
target
hormone |
|
|
Term
| increased secretions of trophic hormone will result in |
|
Definition
| increased secretions of target hormones |
|
|
Term
| increased secretions of target hormone will result in |
|
Definition
| decreased secretions of trophic hormone |
|
|
Term
| decreased secretions of trophic hormones will result in |
|
Definition
| decreased secretions of target hormone |
|
|
Term
| decreased secretions of target hormones will result in |
|
Definition
| increased secretions of trophic hormone |
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|
Term
| the thyroid gland is considered a _____ land |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 2 lobes to function as whole |
|
|
Term
| follicles composed of single layer of |
|
Definition
| simple cuboidal epithelium |
|
|
Term
| substance made up of very large particles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| colloid is combination of 3 things: |
|
Definition
1. thyroid hormone
2. iodine
3. protein |
|
|
Term
| what does the thyroid store in the body? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| breakdown of glycogen into glucose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| protrusion of the eyeball |
|
|
Term
| what plays a role in calcium metabolism? |
|
Definition
|
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