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Test 1 - Embryology
First part of Embryology Section
39
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
09/18/2008

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Cards

Term
Germinal Period
Definition
first 2 weeks, formation of primitive germ layers
Term
Embryonic Period
Definition
8 weeks, organ systems develop
Term
Fetal Period
Definition
last 30 weeks, organ systems grow and mature
Term
ZP3
Definition
Species Specific sperm receptor located on the zona pellucida
Term
Fast block to polyspermy
Definition
depolerization
Term
Slow Block to Polyspermy
Definition
Perivitelline space, ZP3 inactivated
Term
Totipotent
Definition
cell having the potential to any tissue type necessary to development
Term
Pluripotent
Definition
after differentiation (or specialization), can develop into tissues other than developmental
Term
Monozygotic Twins
Definition
Identical twins - identical genotype caused by break off of totipotent cells
Term
Dizygotic Twins
Definition
Fraternal Twins - multiple ovulations and multiple fertilizations
Term
Morula
Definition
12+ cells in sphere
Term
Blastocele
Definition
cavity in the center of the morula
Term
Trophoblast
Definition
forms the placenta and membranes (amniotic & chorion)
Term
Inner cell mass
Definition
forms embryo
Term
Implantation
Definition
burrowing of the blastocyst in the uterine wall
Term
Placenta
Definition
Organ of nutrient and waste product exchange between the embryo and the mother
Term
Nonantigenic
Definition
no immune response is triggered
Term
Syncytium
Definition
multinucleated
Term
Cytotrophoblast
Definition
stays on embryonic side of placenta - provides protective barrier between embryonic and maternal blood
Term
Syncytiotrophoblast
Definition
invades endometrium of the uterus
Term
Lacunae
Definition
Blood vessels digested by syncytiotrophoblast to form pools of blood
Term
Chorion
Definition
embryonic structure facing the maternal tissues consisting of the embryonic capillary wall, besement membrane, and syncytiotrophoblast
Term
Yolk sac
Definition
forms inside blastocele from endoderm
Term
Gastrulation
Definition
formation of three distinct germ layers that will give rise to many sturctures of the body
Term
Primitive streak
Definition
migration of ectodermic cells towards the caudal end of disk
Term
Notocord
Definition
structure that extends from the cephalic end of the primitive streak
Term
Induction
Definition
formation of the notocord
Term
Neural Tube
Definition
eventually to form the brain and spinal cord
Term
Neural crest cells
Definition
form ganglia and nerves
Term
Somites
Definition
formed from mesoderm immediately adjacent to the neural tube - give rise to the skull, vertebral column & skeletal muscles
Term
Gut formation
Definition
forms as the cephalic and caudal ends are seperated ("pinched off") from the main yolk sack
Term
Oropharyngeal membrane
Definition
opens to form the mouth
Term
Cloacal membrane
Definition
opens to form the urethra and anus
Term
Evaginations
Definition
pharynx, lungs, liver and pancreas
Term
celom
Definition
forms body cavities
Term
Pleural Cavity
Definition
Lung cavity
Term
Peritoneal Cavity
Definition
Abdominal cavity
Term
Pericardial Cavity
Definition
thoracic cavity
Term
Endoderm
Definition
forms yolk sac and in turn the gut
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