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| A species whose presence and role within an ecosystem has a disproportionate effect on other organisms within the system. |
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| a system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their environment. |
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| the part of the earth's crust, waters, and atmosphere that supports life. |
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| A distinct group lifeforms and the environment in which they are found. |
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| The number of different species in a given area |
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| The number of species an ecosystem contains |
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| The number of one individual species an ecosystem contains. |
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| Species that serve as an early warning of damage to an ecosystem. |
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| Their life cycles can easily be disturbed causing them to die off. |
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| A species that can create and enhance habitats that can benefit other species in a community. |
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| A group of individual organisms of the same species living w/in a particular area. |
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| The population of all species living & interacting in an area. |
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| The spectrum going from organisms to the biosphere |
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| The total way of life or role of a species in an ecosystem. |
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| The organic matter produced by plants; dry weight. |
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| As plant or animal matter dies it will break down and return the chemicals back to the soil. |
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| the relationship between the predators and the prey |
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| The process in which glucose is synthesized by plants. |
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| The process in which the plant gives off oxygen |
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| The amount of increase in organic matter per unit of time |
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| The spectrum in which the organism flourishes or dies off. |
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| The maximum population of a particular species that a given habitat can support over time. |
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| The potential an ecosystem has of reaching and then passing the carrying capacity |
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| Organisms that get their food by eating or breaking down other organisms |
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| Organisms that make the food themselves |
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| An organism that uses solar energy (green plant) or chemical energy (some bacteria) to manufacture its food. |
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| An organism that feeds directly on all or parts of plants. |
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| An organisms that feeds only on primary consumers |
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| Organism that feeds on both plants and animals |
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| A organism that feeds on plants and small organisms |
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| A organism that breaks down waste and dead animals |
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| Insects or other scavengers that feed on wastes or dead bodies. |
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| non-living organic waste material |
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| Some species evolve adaptations that allow them to reduce or avoid competition for resources with other species |
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| Animals that feed on animal-eating animals. |
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| Organisms that feed on tertiary and others. Ex: Humans |
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| This is the first step of the nitrogen cycle where specialized bacteria convert gaseous nitrogen to ammonia that can be used by plants. This is done by cyanobacteria or bacteria living in the nodules on the root of various plants. |
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| Ammonia is converted to nitrite, then to nitrate |
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| Plant roots absorb ammonium ions and nitrate ions for use in making molecules such as DNA, amino acids and proteins. |
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| After nitrogen has served its purpose in living organisms, decomposing bacteria convert the nitrogen-rich compounds, wastes, and dead bodies into simpler compounds such as ammonia. |
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Nitrate ions and nitrite ions are converted into nitrous oxide gas and nitrogen gas.
This happens when a soil nutrient is reduced and released into the atmosphere as a gas. |
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| Begins with a lifeless area where there is no soil |
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| Secondary begins in an area where the natural community has been disturbed, removed, or destroyed, but soil or bottom sediments remain. |
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| Ecosystems with lichens and moss, for example. |
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