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20
History
11th Grade
09/21/2011

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Term
Cold War
Definition
rivalry after World War II between the Soviet Union and its satellites and the democratic countries of the Western world, under the leadership of the United States.
Term
Iron Curtain
Definition
Line between Democracy and communism in Europe
Term
Containment
Definition
act or policy of preventing the expansion of a hostile power
Term
George F. Kennan
Definition
Father of Containment theory
Term
Truman Doctrine
Definition
a policy set forth by U.S. President Harry S Truman on March 12, 1947 stating that the U.S. would support Greece and Turkey with economic and military aid to prevent their falling into the Soviet sphere.
Term
Marshall Plan
Definition
American plan for rebuilding Europe in the years after World War II
Term
Berlin Airlift
Definition
airlift in 1948 that supplied food and fuel to citizens of west Berlin when the Russians closed off land access to Berlin
Term
NATO
Definition
international organization established in 1949 for cooperative defense against aggression
Term
The Warsaw pact
Definition
was a mutual defense treaty subscribed to by eight communist states in Eastern Europe. It was established at the Soviet Union's initiative and realized on 14 May 1955, in Warsaw
Term
Satellite Nation
Definition
is a political term that refers to a country that is formally independent, but under heavy influence or control by another country. The term was coined by analogy to stellar objects orbiting a larger object, such as smaller moons revolving around larger planets, and is used mainly to refer to Central and Eastern European countries of the Warsaw Pact during the Cold War or to Mongolia between 1924 and 1990, for example. As used for Central and Eastern European countries it implies that the countries in question were "satellites" under the hegemony of the Soviet Union. In some contexts it also refers to other countries in the Soviet sphere of influence during the Cold War - such as North Korea (especially in the decades surrounding the Korean War) and Cuba (particularly after it joined the Comecon). In Western propaganda, the term has seldom been used to refer to states other than those in the Soviet orbit. In Soviet propaganda, the term was used to refer to the states in the orbit of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy.
Term
Detente
Definition
is the easing of strained relations, especially in a political situation. The term is often used in reference to the general easing of relations between the Soviet Union and the United States in the 1970s, a thawing at a period roughly in the middle of the Cold War. In the Soviet Union, détente was known in ("razryadka", loosely meaning relaxation, discharge). Détente is an alternative strategy to rollback, the strategy of destroying an enemy state and containment, which means preventing the expansion of the enemy state.
Term
Arms Race(Nuclear)
Definition
competition between different nations to acquire the most advanced weapons in order to have strategic superiority
Term
ABMT
Definition
The Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (ABM Treaty or ABMT) was a treaty between the United States of America and the Soviet Union on the limitation of the anti-ballistic missile (ABM) systems used in defending areas against missile-delivered nuclear weapons.
Term
NPT
Definition
treaty between many nations against the expansion of nuclear weapons
Term
SALT1 AND SALT2
Definition
refers to two rounds of bilateral talks and corresponding international treaties involving the United States and the Soviet Union—the Cold War superpowers—on the issue of armament control. There were two rounds of talks and agreements: SALT I and SALT II.
Term
2nd Red Scare
Definition
Round Up of citizens of suspision
Term
George C. Marshall
Definition
(December 31, 1880 – October 16, 1959) was an American military leader, Chief of Staff of the Army, Secretary of State, and the third Secretary of Defense. Once noted as the "organizer of victory" by Winston Churchill for his leadership of the Allied victory in World War II, Marshall served as the U.S. Army Chief of Staff during the war and as the chief military adviser to President Franklin D. Roosevelt. As Secretary of State his name was given to the Marshall Plan, for which he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1953.
Term
Harry S. Truman
Definition
(May 8, 1884 – December 26, 1972) was the 33rd President of the United States (1945–1953). As President Franklin D. Roosevelt's third vice-president and the 34th Vice President of the United States, he succeeded to the presidency on April 12, 1945, when President Roosevelt died less than three months after beginning his historic fourth term.
Term
Joseph Stalin
Definition
Dictator of Soviet Union
Term
Winston Churchill
Definition
Prime minister of Great Britain
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