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Terms Part I
N/A
17
Philosophy
Undergraduate 1
10/04/2011

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Term
Philosophy of Religion 
Definition
The attempt to analyze and critically evaluate religious beliefs
Term
Analytical Philosophy 
Definition
A method of approaching philosophical problems through analysis of the terms in which they are expressed, associated with Anglo-American philosophy of the early 20th century
Term
Metaphysics 
Definition
The branch of philosophy that deals with the first principles of things, including abstract concepts such as being, knowing, cause, identity, time, and space.
Term
Epistemology 
Definition
 The theory of knowledge, esp. with regard to its methods, validity, and scope.
Term
Materialism 
Definition
A tendency to consider material possessions and physical comfort as more important than spiritual values
Term
Idealism 
Definition
The practice of forming or pursuing ideals, esp. unrealistically
Term
Naturalism 
Definition
A philosophical viewpoint according to which everything arises from natural properties and causes, and supernatural or spiritual explanations are excluded or discounted
Term
Theology 
Definition
The study of the nature of God and religious belief
Term
Pan-theism
Definition
 The view that the Universe (Nature) and God are identical. Do not believe in a personal, anthropomorphic or creator god. 
Term
Fideism
Definition
The doctrine that knowledge depends on faith or revelation
Term
Monism 
Definition
A theory or doctrine that denies the existence of a distinction or duality in some sphere, such as that between matter and mind, or God and the world
Term
Totemism 
Definition
A religious conception that human individuals or groups have a symbolic or spiritual connection with particular natural species, objects, or phenomena.
Term
Dualism
Definition
 a set of views about the relationship between mind and matter, which begins with the claim that mental phenomena are, in some respects, non-physical.
Term
Pluralism 
Definition
A theory or system that recognizes more than one ultimate principle
Term
Determinsim
Definition
a philosophical theory holding that all events are inevitable consequences of antecedent sufficient causes; often understood as denying the possibility of free will
Term
Fetishism 
Definition
a belief in the magical power of an object believed to have supernatural powers, or in particular, a man-made object that has power over others
Term
Mysticism
Definition
Belief that union with or absorption into the Deity or the absolute, or the spiritual apprehension of knowledge inaccessible to the intellect, may be attained through contemplation and self-surrender
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