Term
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Definition
Live viruses that are weakened: chickenpox, MMR. better for longterm
can cause infection in suppressed imm. |
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Term
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Definition
Hep A, polio, Flu vaccine.
increase risk of allergies; can proliferate in suppressed immune system. |
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Term
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Definition
give bacteria superpower to resist against ABX. codes for enzyme cleaves abx or protein that pumps abx out of cells.
Bacteria share plasmids fast! |
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Term
| Primary congenital immune deficiency |
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Definition
rare genetic anomaly, single gene mutation; sx appear withink 2yrs of life. (ear infections, diarrhea, bronchitis)
(Digeorge syndrome) |
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Term
| Acquired (secondary) immune deficiency |
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Definition
| MORE COMMON, happens in pregnancy, aging, immature babies, stress, malignancies etc. |
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Term
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Definition
PASS THROUGH
entrance inhibitor
*Reverse transcriptase (rna->dna)
integrase (combine)
*protease (chop up to send off)
(* available meds) |
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Term
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Definition
benefits only humans (no harm to organism)
(normal flora in humans are made by eating food) |
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Term
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Definition
benefits human & organism
is a type of symbiosis
relationship=fitnes benefit |
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Term
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Definition
| normal flora is damaged due to excess abx usage (decreased human host resistance) |
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Term
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Definition
| how the microorganism damage tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| ability for pathogen to invade/multiply in the host. |
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Term
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Definition
| ability of an agent to produce disease; success depend on invasion, communication, extent of tissue damage, virulence |
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Term
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Definition
| ability of pathogens to induce an immune response |
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Term
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Definition
| ability to produce toxins/endotoxin |
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Term
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Definition
| infectious organism as protozoan, bacterium/virus alters its surface protein in order to invade host. |
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Term
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Definition
accumulation of mutations within antibody binding sites. to keep surviving (antibody doesnt recognize it)
flu a/b. |
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Term
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Definition
| two or more strains of virus combine with mixture of the surface antigens of two or more original strains. |
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Term
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Definition
| switch mechanism activate (turn on)/turn off or adjust spec functions. |
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Term
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Definition
| little evidence that these produce fever |
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Term
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Definition
released by host to cause fever.
cytokines interleukin 1&6.
raise temp through stimulation of prostaglandin in brain/peripheral. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
kills microorganism, affect on growth/replication.
decreases iron/zinc/copper levels
lipolysis/proteolysis deprive bact of food.
lysosomal breakdown (autodestruction) |
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Term
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Definition
purified toxins that been chemically detoxified.
diptheria cholera/tetanus. |
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Term
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Definition
no organelles
capsid shell protein protection
various shapes.
intracellular parasites. |
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Term
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Definition
long chain unsaturated fatty acids made by cyclooxygenase.
groups(D E A F B)
E1 E2=vascular permability/smooth muscle contraction/release histamine, lysosomal enzymes from neutrophils. |
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Term
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Definition
| block E series or prostaglandin and other arachindonic acid. inhibit inflammation |
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Term
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Definition
mast cell release leukotrienes by intracellular phopholipase.
similar effects to histamine
(acidic, sulfur contain lipid)
slower; prolonged response than histamines. |
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Term
| platelet activating factor |
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Definition
complement (opsinization)
clotting (platelets)
kinin (bradykinin vasodilate) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
cell mediated; innate immunity.
look for MHC 1. bind/release cytokines/toxin molecules to cell. apoptosis. |
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Term
| oxygen dependant killing mechanism |
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Definition
| shift of cell's glucose metabolism.=NADPH =converted to hydrogen peroxide & reactive o2 species. |
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Term
| oxygen independent killing mech |
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Definition
acidic PH of phagolysosome caused by lactic acid production
cationic proteins bind&damage target cell membrane. inhibition of bact growth by lactoferrin binding of iron. |
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Term
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Definition
vasodilate
made by endothelial cells. kills microbes in activated macrphages; counteract platelets. |
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Term
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Definition
| repairable tissue minor damage. can return back to normal function. |
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Term
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Definition
wound healing of minimal tissue loss. close apposition of wound edge.
(paper cut/clean incision) |
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Term
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Definition
| scar formation, contraction takes longer. reconstruct phase 3-4 days-2weeks. fibroblast proliferation, collagen synthesis, epithelization, contaction of wound, cell differentiation. |
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Term
| dysfunctional wound healing |
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Definition
-impaired collagen matrix assembly-nutrition(absorbic acid)
-impaired epithelization (hypoxem,steroid inhibit)
-impaired contraction excessiv wound contraction (burns) |
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Term
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Definition
| small antigens. need large amts to become immunogenic. |
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Term
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Definition
reaction to another person's tissue.
transplants. |
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