Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Terminology
Test 4: Ch.15
94
Medical
Undergraduate 1
04/19/2009

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
im-
Definition
not
Term
trans-
Definition
through, across, beyond
Term
andr
Definition
male
Term
balan
Definition
glans penis
Term
epididym
Definition
epididymus
Term
orch, orchid, orchi
Definition
testis or testicle
Term
pen
Definition
penis
Term
prostat
Definition
prostate gland
Term
semin
Definition
seed, sperm
Term
sperm, sperat
Definition
seed, sperm
Term
test, testicul
Definition
testis, testicle
Term
vas
Definition
vessel, duct
Term
vesicle
Definition
vesicle (seminal vesicle)
Term
-pexy
Definition
surgical fixation
Term
-rrhea
Definition
excessice discharge
Term
epididymis
Definition
an elongated organ on the posterior surface of each testis and composed of a single, tightly coiled tubule that transports sperm from the testis to the vas deferens; "upon a twin"
Term
penis
Definition
the male external organ that conveys semen to the female during sexual intercourse; it consists of the glans of the penis, which is covered by the prepuce and a shaft
Term
prostate gland
Definition
a walnut sized gland that surrounds the urethra as it emerges from the urinary bladder, it secretes a milky alkaline fluid that contributes to semen
Term
semen
Definition
the ejaculatory fluid, which normally consists of sperm cells and secretions from the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethal glands
Term
seminiferous tubules
Definition
900 tightly coiled tubules, forming the sustance of the testes, with walls made up of cells that produce sperm cells by the process of spermatogenesis
Term
sperm cells
Definition
male gametes, which are produced within the seminiferous tubules of the testes.
Term
spermatic cord
Definition
a combination of tissues extending from each testis upward through the scrotum, which includes a vas deferens, arteries, veins, and nerves that are enclosed within a connective tissue covering.
Term
testis
Definition
the male gonad, also called the testicle, which contains cells that undergo spermatogenesis to produce sperm cells and otehr cells that secrete testosterone
Term
testosterone
Definition
mae sex hormone, which is produced by interstitial cells within the testes
Term
vas deferens
Definition
the male tubule that conveys sperms cells from the epididymus to the urethra
Term
seminal vesicles
Definition
paired glands at the base of the urinary bladder that secrete fluid into the vas deferens, which contributes to semen
Term
bulbourethral glands
Definition
paired, pea-shaped glands at the base of the penis that contribute a mucus product to semen (Cowpers gland)
Term
ejaculation
Definition
the release of semen during sexual climax, or orgasm
Term
ejaculatory duct
Definition
the duct formed by the union of the vas deferens and the seminal vesicle ducts
Term
perineum
Definition
the external region between that scrotum and the anus in the male
Term
scrotum
Definition
a skin-covered pouch that hangs beow the wall of the pelvic cavity, containing 2 testes and spermatic cords
Term
aspermia
Definition
inability to produce or ejaculate sperm. as a form of male infertility
Term
azoospermia
Definition
absence of living sperm in semen, which is a sign of infertility
Term
balanorrhea
Definition
excessive discharge from the glans penis
Term
chancres
Definition
small ulcers on the skin, a symptom of the STD syphilis
Term
oligospermia
Definition
abnormally low sperm count in semen
Term
papillomas
Definition
wart-like lesions on the skin and mucous membranes, a sign of HPV or commonly known as genital warts
Term
proctitis
Definition
inflammation of the rectal area, a symptom of chlamydia and trichomoniasis
Term
prostatorrhea
Definition
abnormal, excessice discharge from the prostate gland
Term
urethritis
Definition
inflammation of the urethra, symptom of chlamydia and trichomoniasis
Term
andropathy
Definition
disease that afflict only males
Term
anorchism
Definition
absence of one or both testes
Term
balanitis
Definition
inflammation of the glans penis
Term
benign prostate hyperplasia
Definition
nonmalignant, excessive growth of the prostate gland resulting in constriction of the urethra. symptoms are night time urination, urinary retention and frequent need to void. (BPH)
Term
chlamydia
Definition
most common bacteria-caused STD in North America. urethritis, proctitis, and inflammation of the eyes conjuntiva
Term
cryptorchidism
Definition
condition of an undescended testis.
Term
epididymitis
Definition
inflammation of the epididymus
Term
erectile dysfunction
Definition
inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient to perform sexual intercourse.
Term
genital herpes
Definition
most common viral STD in North America. caused by herpes simplex virus and is characterized by periodic outbreaks of ulcer-like lesions of the genital and anorectal skin.
Term
gonorrhea
Definition
STD infection that is caused by the becterium Neisseria gonorrhea which produces ulcer-like lesions on the mucous membranes and skin of the genital region and is characterized by urethral discharge
Term
hepatitis B
Definition
a viral STD, it causes inflammation of the liver and is transmitted though any body fluid
Term
human papilloma virus
Definition
a viral STD that causes wart-like lesions on the sin or mucous membranes of the genitals, lesions on the skin appear califlower-like and those on the membranes are flattened warts.
Term
hydrocele
Definition
swelling of the scrotum caused by fluid accumulation
Term
impotent
Definition
refer's to erectile dysfunction (latin word for it)
Term
orchiepididymitis
Definition
inflammation of the testis and epididymus
Term
orchitis
Definition
inflammation of the testis
Term
Peyronies disease
Definition
induration (hardness) of the erectile tissure withing the penis, which can cause erectile dysfunction, and results in a curvature of the penis.
Term
phimosis
Definition
a congenital narrowing of the prepuce opening that prevents it from being drawn back over the glans penis, it can be corrected with circumcision.
Term
priapism
Definition
an abnormally persistent erection of the penis, often accompanied by pain and tenderness, usually caused by drug overdose.
Term
prostate cancer
Definition
cancer of the prostate gland, which is often highly invasive and metastatic
Term
prostatitis
Definition
inflammation of the prostate gland
Term
prostatocystitis
Definition
inflammation of the prostate gland and urinary bladder
Term
prostatolith
Definition
stone in the duct of the prostate gland
Term
prostatovesiculitis
Definition
onflammation of the prostate gland and seminal vesicles
Term
spermatolysis
Definition
destruction of sperm by dissolution
Term
syphilis
Definition
STD caused by a bacterium called spirochete, which is spread by sexual contact and is usually first expressed on the skin by red, painless papules that erode to form small ulcers known as chancres.
Term
testicular carcinoma
Definition
cancer originating from a testis, occuring most often among 20-29 year old men. Most common kind is seminoma that arises from spermatogenic cells.
Term
testicular torsion
Definition
a condition of a twisted spermatic cord that causes reduced blood flow to the testis; if not corrected immediately, the testis may be lost.
Term
trichomoniasis
Definition
STD caused by the protozoan Trichomonas, which infects the urethra and prostate gland to cause urethritis and prostatitis
Term
varicocele
Definition
abnormal dilation of the veins of the spermatic cord caused by failue of the valves in the veins
Term
artificial insemination
Definition
a procedure in which semen is introduced into the female reproductive tract using a method othen than coitus
Term
balanoplasty
Definition
surgical repair of the glans penis
Term
circumcision
Definition
surgical removal of the prepuce, which involves making a circumscribed incision around the base of he prepuce
Term
digital rectal examination
Definition
a physical examination that involves the insertion of a finger into the rectum to feel the size and shape of the prostate gland through the wall of the rectum. used to screen for cancer.
Term
epididymectomy
Definition
excision of the epididymus
Term
hydrocelectomy
Definition
excision of the hydrocele
Term
orchidectomy
Definition
excision of a testis, also called orchiectomy. a bilateral orchidectomy is often known as a castration
Term
orchidopexy
Definition
surgical fixation of a testism which draws an undescended testis into the scrotum.
Term
orchidotomy
Definition
incision into a testis
Term
orchioplasty
Definition
surgical repair of a testis
Term
penile implant
Definition
surgical implantation of a penile prosthesis to correct for erectile dysfunction; available options include insertion of semirigid rods and insertion of inflatable baloon-like cylinders.
Term
prostatectomy
Definition
excision of a prostate gland to treat prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplacis; it is removed through an incision made above the pubic bone.
Term
prostate-specific antigen
Definition
a clinical test that measures blood levels of the protien prostate-specific antigen; elevated levels suggest the probable presence of prostate cancer, so test is often used to evaluate cencer treatment progress
Term
prostatocystotomy
Definition
incision into the prostate gland and urinary bladder
Term
prostatolithotomy
Definition
incison into the prostate gland to remove a stone that is the source of obstruction
Term
prostatovesiculectomy
Definition
excision of the prostate gland and seminal vesicles
Term
sterilization
Definition
any process that renders an individual unable to produce offspring
Term
transrectal ultrasound
Definition
placement of an ultrasound probe into the rectum, the sound waves are converted to an image of the region. Used to visualize and diagnose and help treat prostate cancer!
Term
transurethral incision of the prostate gland
Definition
a surgical procedure that widens the urethra as a treatment for BPH. small incisions are made in the neck of the urinary bladder to allow the urethra to dilate.
Term
transurethral microwave thermotherapy
Definition
a therapeutic treatment using microwave heat to destroy excess cells that cause BPH
Term
transurethral resection of the prostate gland
Definition
a surgery to treat BPH when the urethra is obstructed; it involves the resection of prostate tissue using a retroscope inserted through the urethra; the capsule of the prostate and as much tissue as possible is left intact. (TURP)
Term
vasectomy
Definition
partial excision of the vas deferens, which causes male sterilization
Term
vasovasostomy
Definition
a surgery to restore fertility; involves creating artificial openings and reconnecting the ends of the vas where they were severed in an earlier vasectomy
Term
vesiculectomy
Definition
excision of the seminal vesicles
Supporting users have an ad free experience!