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| clasp of a buckle, fibula |
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| haunch, hip joint, ischium |
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| crescent-shaped moon, meniscus |
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| sinew or cord (usually applied to nerves, but in the muscular system it refers to fascia) |
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| spine or vertebral column |
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| binding of eggs, synovial |
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| puncture; a surgical puncture to aspirate fluids |
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| surgical fixation, fusion |
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| cutting into; surgical removal or excision |
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| three to five fused vertebrae that form the tailbone; plural form is coccyges |
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| bone tissue (connective tissue) consisting of compacted, hardened mineral salts and collagen arranged in circular layers around a central canal |
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| increasing the angle between the joints |
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| part of the skull, the bone of the forehead |
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| the bone of the brachium (upper arm) |
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| two facial bones between each orbit and the nose |
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| tough bands of fibrous connective tissue that stabilize joints |
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| the two legs, left and right |
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| an internal chamber within the diaphysis; also called the medullary cavity |
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| the upper jaw bone of the face |
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| two facial bones forming the bridge of the nose |
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| turning the palm downward |
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| soft, gel-like connective tissue within spongy bone where blood cells are manufactured |
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| turning a bone on its own axis |
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| the bone forming the shoulder blade |
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| bone tissue consisting of thin plates of hardened bone forming an interlocking meshwork, with blood-rich, red bone marrow in between the plates; under a microscope, spongy bone looks like a sponge. |
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| the larger of the two bones of the lower leg |
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| the lateral bone of the forearm, which is not in line with the thumb |
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| the two arms, right and left |
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| a facial bone forming part of the nasal septum |
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| cartilage located at the lower end of the sternum, which attaches to the diaphragm |
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| connective tissue rich in fat, which occupies the marrow cavity of bones |
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| two facial bones forming part of each cheek |
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| an inability to coordinate muscles while executing a voluntary movement |
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| lacking development, or wasting |
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| deformities arising during development |
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| muscle tenderness or pain |
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| abnormal, slow growth of long bones resulting in unusually short stocky limbs |
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| abnormal condition of joint stiffness |
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| inflammation and degeneration of a joint |
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| inflammation of the cartilages within joints |
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| abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the big toe |
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| a calcium deposit (or stone) within a bursa |
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| repetitive stress injury in which the nerves if the wrist generate pain impulses due to inflammation of synovial sheaths; CTS |
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| drooping of the wrist also called wrist drop |
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| deterioration or softening of cartilage |
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| prolonged involuntary muscle contractions |
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| a congenital fissure of the skull |
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| inflammation of an intervertebral disk |
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| Duschenne's muscular dystrophy |
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| a congenital condition resulting in progressive muscular weakness and deterioration; DMD |
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| inflammation of the cartilages of the elbow |
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| abnormal deposition of uric acid crystals in the joints (usually the big toes), causing localized pain |
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| a rupture of an intervertebral disk, resulting in the protrusion of tissue against spinal nerves generating pain |
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| a deformity of the spine characterized by the presence of a hump; also called hunchback |
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| inflammation of the lateral tendon of the elbow; tennis elbow |
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| a deformity of the spine characterized by an anterior curve of the lumbar area |
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| inherited condition resulting in excessive cartilage formation at the epiphyseal plates, forming long arms and legs |
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| inflammation of the maxilla |
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| inflammation of the meniscus |
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| a malignant tumor of the bone marrow |
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| a spasm or twitching of a muscle or muscle group |
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| protrusion of a muscle through its fascia |
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| inflammation of a muscle tissue |
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| viral infection of bone that causes deformation of the skeleton resulting from the acceleration of bone loss; Paget's disease |
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| a form of arthritis characterized by an age-related deterioration of joints that is accompanied by erosion of cartilage and painful inflammation |
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| inflammation of bone and associated cartilage |
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| a benign tumor of bone, in which the tumor contains fibrous connective tissue that surrounds bone |
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| an inherited condition resulting in impaired growth and fragile bones, leading to progressive skeletal deformation and frequent fractures |
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| a gradual and painful softening of bones |
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| a painful bone infection caused by bacteria, characterized by the inflammation of the red bone marrow |
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| excessive formation of dense bone, which crowds out marrow cavities and leads to cutting of blood supply to bone; also known as marble bone |
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| abnormal loss of bone density |
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| paralysis of both legs and lower part of the body |
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| inflammation of many muscles simulaneously |
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| paralysis of all four appendages |
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| a form of arthritis characterized by progressive, gradual join deterioration that is caused by an autoimmune response; RA |
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| abnormal lateral curvature of the spine |
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| trauma to the spinal cord often resulting in paralysis; SCI |
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| inflammation of the intervertebral joints |
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| an injury resulting from stretching a ligament beyond its normal range; tearing its collagen fibers |
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| an injury resulting from stretching a muscle beyond its normal range, tearing muscle tissue |
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| cancer of a synovial membrane in a joint |
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| inflammation of a tendon, such as a rotator cuff tendonitis |
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| inflammation of a tendon and the synovial membrane that surronunds it |
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| a break in the distal part of the radius |
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| a break resulting in fragmentation of the bone |
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| a crushed break, often due to weight or pressure applied to a bone during a fall |
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| a break causing an abnormal alignment of bone pieces |
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| a break at the location of the growth plate, which can affect growth of the bone |
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| a slight break in a bone that appears as a slight fissure in an x-ray |
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| a slight break in a bone that appears as a slight fissure in an x-ray |
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| a break in which the broken bones retain their alignment |
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| a break at the ankle that affects both bones of the leg |
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| a spiral-shaped break often caused by twisting stresses along a long bone |
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| surgical puncture of a joint to aspirate fluids from a synovial cavity. |
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| breaking of an abnormally stiff joint during surgery to increase range of motion |
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| surgical fixation of a joint |
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| x-ray film of a joint after injection of air, conrast media, or both |
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| surgical repair of a joint or total joint replacement |
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| surgery of a joint using the arthroscope |
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| endoscopic visual examination of a joint cavity using a fiber optic instrument, called the arthroscope |
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| surgical incision into a joint |
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| surgical incision into a bursa |
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| surgical incision into a bursa |
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| a field of therapy that mainly involves manipulation of the vertebral column |
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| a specialist in chiropractor |
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| excision of a joint cartilage |
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| surgical repair of a joint cartilage |
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| surgical repair of a defect in the cranium |
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| surgical repair of a defect in the cranium |
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| surgical repair of a defect in the cranium |
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| surgical entry into the cranium |
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| excision of an intervertebral disk |
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| a diagnostic procedure that records the strength of muscle contraction; EMG |
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| surical incision into fascia |
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| surical incision into fascia |
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| excision of part of a vertebra known as the lamina often as part of a treatment for a herniated disk |
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| surgical removal of a meniscus |
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| surgical repair of muscle tissue |
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| closing a muscle with sutures |
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| consrtuction and fitting of orthopedic appliances to assist in patient movement, such as lifts, prosthetic devices, etc. |
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| a physician specializing in orthotics |
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| surgical breaking of a bone to correct a defect |
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| a physician trained in osteopathy; OD |
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| surgical breaking of a bone to correct a defect |
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| a medical field that emphasizes the relationship between the musculoskeletal system and overall health with an emphasis on preventative medicine |
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| a physician trained in podiatry;also called a chiropodist |
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| medical field specializing in treating feet |
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| an artificial substitute for a missing body part such as a leg or hand |
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| surgical incision into the vertebral column |
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| surgical connection of adjacent vertebrae, usually as a treatment for a herniated disk; also called spondylosndesis |
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| excision of a joint's synovial membrane |
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| surgical repair of a muscle and its tendon |
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| closing a tendon with sutures |
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| the seven cervical vertebrae |
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| the twelve thoracic vertebrae |
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| the five lumbar vertebrae |
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