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Teaching ESL - Linguistics Terms - Sounds
Linguistic Phonetics Terms
21
Education
Professional
10/14/2010

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Term
Bilabial consonant sounds
Definition
sounds created by pressing the two lips togther (bi = 2; labial = lips)
EX: /b/ /m/
Term
labiodental consonant sounds
Definition
sounds created using the teeth and the low lip (labio = lip; dental = teeth)
EX: /f/
Term
interdental consonant sounds
Definition
sounds created by placing the tongue between the teeth (inter = between; dental = teeth)
EX: /th/
Term
alveolar consonant sounds
Definition
sounds created by touching the TIP of the tongue to the alveolar ridge (gum ridge behind the upper front teeth) EX: /t/
Term
palatal consonant sounds
Definition
sounds created when the MIDDLE of the tongue touches the roof of the mouth (palate)
EX: /sh/
Term
velar consonant sounds
Definition
sounds created when the back of the tongue to the soft palate (right before the throat)
EX: /g/
Term
oral (exit)
Definition
when air exits from the mouth only (EX: /b/)
Term
nasal (exit)
Definition
when air exists through the nose and the mouth (EX: /m/)
Term
stop (method of articulation)
Definition
sound is made with a total obstruction of the air (EX: /b/)
Term
fricative (method of articulation)
Definition
sound is created by the FRICtion caused by releasing air in a stready stream; can continue indefinitely until you are out of air (EX: /f/, /s/)
Term
affricative (method of articulation)
Definition
sound produced which starts as a "stop" and ends as a "fricative" (EX: /ch/ - starts a /t/ and ends as /sh/)
Term
voiced sounds
Definition
class of sounds created when vocal cords vibrate (EX: /r/)
Term
voiceless sounds
Definition
sounds created WITHOUT use of vocal cords (EX: /f/)
Term
consonant
Definition
a sound produced with a definite and clear obstruction of air (by the lips, teeth, and/or tongue)
Term
vowel
Definition
sounds created without obstructing the flow of air; differentiated by SHAPE of the oral cavity (inside mouth)
Term
high vowels
Definition
those vowel sounds created with teh tongue CLOSE TO THE ROOF of the mouth (EX: /e/)
Term
mid vowel sounds
Definition
sounds created when the tongue falls between the roof and the bottom of the mouth (EX: /a/)
Term
low vowel sounds
Definition
sounds created when the tongue is placed at the bottom of the mouth (EX: the short o sound in pot)
Term
approximant
Definition
sounds that have less obstruction of air than consonants, but more than vowels (EX: /l/, /r/, /y/, /w/)
Term
rounded vowels
Definition
those vowels created when the shape of the lips is rounded (EX: /o/)
Term
unrounded vowels
Definition
vowel sounds created when the shape of the lips is NOT rounded (EX: /e/)
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